The LiFePO4 voltage chart is an important tool that helps you understand the charge levels, performance, and health of lithium-ion phosphate batteries. The chart illustrates the voltage range, including fully charged and discharged states, to help you identify the current SoC (State of Charge) of their batteries. With the LiFePO4 battery voltage chart, you can gauge performance, ensure optimal usage, and extend the battery lifespan.
Goto Lithium Storage to know more.
Jackery Portable Power Stations feature LiFePO4 batteries with a 10-year lifespan and can charge most home or outdoor appliances for long hours. These batteries have a high temperature-resistant capability that delivers safe and efficient operation. You can quickly recharge these batteries via Jackery SolarSaga Solar Panels to enjoy power during extended power outages or outdoor adventures.
What Is LiFePO4 Battery Voltage?
Let's first understand: What is a LiFePO4 battery? In simple words, a LiFePO4 battery is a popular type of Li-ion (lithium-ion) rechargeable battery that uses iron as a cathode. These batteries are the safest and most popular batteries integrated into solar power systems. They are becoming increasingly popular, all thanks to their long lifecycle, high energy density, and improved safety features.
The voltage of the LiFePO4 cells depends on the state of charge. Whenever the battery charges and discharges, the LiFePO4 battery voltage rises. If the LiFePO4 battery voltage is higher, it can store more energy and increase the overall capacity.
What Is LiFePO4 Voltage Chart?
The lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery voltage chart represents the state of charge (usually in percentage) of 1 cell based on different voltages, like 12V, 24V, and 48V. Here is a LiFePO4 Lithium battery state of charge chart based on voltage for 12V, 24V, and 48V LiFePO4 batteries.
Percentage (SOC)
1 Cell
12V
24V
48V
100% Charging
3.65
14.6
29.2
58.4
100% Rest
3.40
13.6
27.2
54.4
90%
3.35
13.4
26.8
53.6
80%
3.32
13.3
26.6
53.1
70%
3.30
13.2
26.4
52.8
60%
3.27
13.1
26.1
52.3
50%
3.26
13.0
26.1
52.2
40%
3.25
13.0
26.0
52.0
30%
3.22
12.9
25.8
51.5
20%
3.20
12.8
25.6
51.2
10%
3.00
12.0
24.0
48.0
0%
2.50
10.0
20.0
40.0
3.2V Battery Voltage Chart
Individual LiFePO4 cells typically have a 3.2V nominal voltage. The cells are fully charged at 3.65V, and at 2.5V, they become fully discharged. Here's a 3.2V battery voltage chart:
12V Battery Voltage Chart
12V 100Ah LiFePO4 batteries are a great upgrade for 12V lead acid batteries. They are one of the safest batteries for off-grid solar systems. When they are fully charged, the battery voltage becomes 14.6V. It drops to 10 volts when fully discharged. The below 12V LiFePO4 battery voltage chart reveals how the voltage drops with respect to battery capacity.
24V Battery Voltage Chart
You can either purchase a 24V LiFePO4 battery or buy two identical 12V LiFePO4 batteries and connect them in series. These batteries are fully charged at 29.2V and drop to 20 volts when discharging.
48V Battery Voltage Chart
48V batteries are generally used in larger solar power systems. The high-voltage solar system keeps the amperage low, helping you save high on equipment and wiring costs.
LiFePO4 Battery Charging & Discharging
A battery's SoC (state of charge) indicates the remaining capacity that can be discharged over the battery pack's total capacity. Suppose you have a battery pack rated 100Ah and still have 30Ah left to discharge. In this case, the SoC will be 30%.
In other words, if you charge the battery to 100Ah and then discharge around 70Ah, it will still have 30Ah left. The SoC of a battery depends on its voltage and vice versa. When the battery is charged, the voltage increases.
The following SoC and LiFePO4 charge voltage chart reveals the relationship between the two parameters.
SOC (100%)
Voltage (V)
100
3.60-3.65
90
3.50-3.55
80
3.45-3.50
70
3.40-3.45
60
3.35-3.40
50
3.30-3.35
40
3.25-3.30
30
3.20-3.25
20
3.10-3.20
10
2.90-3.00
0
2.00-2.50
State of the Charge Curve
There are different ways to determine the battery's SoC, such as voltage, counting coulombs, and specific gravity.
-
Voltage:The higher the battery voltage, the fuller the battery is. In order to get accurate results, you must keep the battery at rest for at least four hours before measuring. Some manufacturers even recommend around 24 hours of rest.
-
Counting Coulombs:It measures the current flowing in and out of the battery and uses ampere-second (As) to measure the battery's charging and discharging rate.
-
Specific Gravity:You need a hydrometer to measure the SoC. It works by monitoring the liquid density based on buoyancy.
If you want to extend the battery's lifespan, you need to charge the LiFePO4 battery properly. Each battery type has a level of voltage that must be reached to get maximum performance while improving the battery's health. You may use the SoC chart as a guide while recharging the batteries. For example, 90% charge for a 24V battery is 26.8V.
The state of the charge curve indicates how the 1-cell battery voltage varies depending on charging time.
LiFePO4 Battery Charging Parameters
Some basic LiFePO4 battery charging parameters include different types of voltages, such as charging, float, maximum/minimum, and nominal. The below table reveals the battery charging parameters at 3.2V, 12V, 24V, and 48V.
Characteristics
3.2V
12V
24V
48V
Charging Voltage
3.5~3.65V
14.2~14.6V
28.4V~29.2V
56.8V~58.4V
Float Voltage
3.2V
13.6V
27.2V
54.4V
Maximum Voltage
3.65V
14.6V
29.2V
58.4V
Minimum Voltage
2.5V
10V
20V
40V
Nominal Voltage
3.2V
12V/12.8V
24V/25.6V
48V/51.2V
Float, Bulk, and Equalize Voltage of LiFePO4
One important thing to note is that lithium only supports bulk charging. Once the LiFePO4 battery is fully charged, it shuts off.
The three most common types of voltages include bulk, float, and equalize.
Bulk Voltage: This is the voltage at which the battery is charged faster. It usually occurs during the initial stage of charging, when the battery is completely discharged. The bulk voltage of a 12-volt LiFePO4 battery is 14.6V.
Float Voltage: Generally lower than the bulk voltage, it is the maintained voltage once the battery is fully charged. The float voltage of a 12-volt LiFePO4 battery is 13.5V.
Equalize Voltage: Equalization is an important process that must be performed regularly to maintain the battery capacity. The 12-volt LiFePO4 battery's equalized voltage is 14.6V.
Types
3.2V
12V
24V
48V
Bulk
3.65V
14.6V
29.2V
58.4V
Float
3.375V
13.5V
27.0V
54.0V
Equalize
3.65V
14.6V
29.2V
58.4V
Battery Discharge Curve
Discharge means the power is withdrawn from the battery to charge appliances. The battery discharge chart typically represents the relationship between voltage and discharge time.
Below is the 12V LiFePO4 discharge curve at different discharge rates.
One of the most important things you need to extend the battery's lifespan is DoD or Depth of Discharge. It is the discharged battery capacity in relation to its overall capacity. In other words, the more the LiFePO4 battery is charged and recharged, the shorter its lifespan will be.
The discharge is typically shown using charts and curves. You will need to look at the depth of discharge to determine the fraction of power withdrawn from a battery. A battery discharge rate is the process when the battery completely loses its charge.
The following table reveals the batteries with different Ah ratings and their maximum discharge current at different time intervals.
Battery or Battery Pack Ah Rating
7 Minute Maximum Discharge Current
30 Minute Maximum Discharge Current
5Ah
15 Amps
10 Amps
7Ah
21 Amps
14 Amps
8Ah
24 Amps
16 Amps
9Ah
27 Amps
18 Amps
10Ah
31 Amps
21 Amps
12Ah
36 Amps
24 Amps
14Ah
42 Amps
31 Amps
15Ah
44 Amps
32 Amps
18Ah
57 Amps
40 Amps
22Ah
66 Amps
46 Amps
35Ah
105 Amps
84 Amps
What Are The Effects of LiFePO4 Battery Voltage on Performance?
LiFePO4 battery voltage affects the performance, power it can deliver, the overall lifespan, and the amount of energy it can store.
Capacity: The two important terms &#; battery capacity and voltage &#; are directly proportional to one another. When the voltage increases, the battery capacity also increases. This means a 24V LiFePO4 battery has a higher capacity than a 12V battery of the same size.
Charging: All the LiFePO4 batteries need a specific charging voltage and current for best performance. When the charging voltage is too low, the battery will not charge fully, eventually reducing capacity. If the voltage becomes too high, it often contributes to overcharging and can damage the battery.
Discharging: The discharge voltage of the LiFePO4 battery also affects the performance. When you discharge the battery below the recommended voltage level, it leads to irreversible battery damage and reduces its lifespan.
Efficiency: LiFePO4's battery is directly proportional to the voltage. A higher voltage battery is more efficient in supplying power to the devices. If you want a highly efficient LiFePO4 battery, consider choosing a higher voltage of LiFePO4.
Lifespan: A LiFePO4 battery with higher voltage may have a longer lifespan than a low-voltage battery. This means a higher voltage battery can handle more charge cycles.
How to Check LiFePO4 Battery Capacity?
Checking the LiFePO4 battery capacity is one of the best ways to keep it safe and enhance its lifespan. Below are the three simple methods to measure the capacity and ensure it is not fully discharged.
Method 1: Check via Multimeter
Checking the open circuit battery voltage via a multimeter method is moderately accurate. However, there is one downside. You'll have to disconnect all loads and chargers and keep the battery at rest.
First, you must remove the loads and chargers attached to the LiFePO4 battery. Wait 15-30 minutes before measuring the open circuit voltage using the multimeter. You can compare it with the SoC chart in your battery manual or the voltage curve chart.
Method 2: Use a Battery Monitor
This is one of the most accessible and reliable methods to measure battery capacity. All you need to do is connect a high-quality battery monitor to the battery and determine the charge level.
Method 3: Use a Solar Charge Controller
Using the solar charge controller to determine the battery capacity may seem convenient, but it is not a very accurate method. The voltage reading is mainly inaccurate as the measurement is done with loads and chargers attached.
Other Types of Batteries & Their Voltage Charts
Besides LiFePO4, there are many other batteries available in the market. In this section, we will reveal different types of batteries and their voltage charts.
Lithium Battery Voltage Chart
The lithium-ion batteries are popular choices for modern electronics, portable devices, and electric vehicles. They have better performance than their traditional counterparts and are best known for their high energy density. Additionally, they are highly efficient and have quick charging capabilities, making them ideal for many applications. Here's a lithium-ion battery voltage chart at 12V, 24V, and 48V.
Capacity (%)
1 Cell
12 Volt
24 Volt
48 Volt
100
3.40
13.6
27.2
54.4
90
3.35
13.4
26.8
53.6
80
3.32
13.3
26.6
53.1
70
3.30
13.2
26.4
52.8
60
3.27
13.1
26.1
52.3
50
3.26
13.0
26.0
52.2
40
3.25
13.0
26.0
Want more information on 3.2 volt battery? Feel free to contact us.
52.0
30
3.22
12.9
25.8
52.5
20
3.20
12.8
25.6
51.2
10
3.00
12.0
24.0
48.0
0
2.50
10.0
20.0
40.0
Lead-Acid Battery Voltage Chart
Lead-acid is one of the oldest rechargeable battery chemistries and was a traditional choice in many applications. You can find these batteries in diesel-fueled or gasoline vehicles that require large energy bursts for starting the engine. Even though these batteries are cost effective, they have shorter lifespan and low energy density compared to new technologies. Here's a lead-acid battery voltage chart for a 6V sealed and flooded lead-acid battery.
Capacity
6V Sealed Lead Acid Battery
6V Flooded Lead Acid Battery
100%
6.44V
6.32V
90%
6.39V
6.26V
80%
6.33V
6.20V
70%
6.26V
6.15V
60%
6.20V
6.09V
50%
6.11V
6.03V
40%
6.05V
5.98V
30%
5.98V
5.94V
20%
5.90V
5.88V
10%
5.85V
5.82V
0%
5.81V
5.79V
Lead-Acid Deep Cycle Battery Voltage Chart
The deep cycle batteries can provide steady power for long periods. They are ideal for situations that need consistent energy output, such as recreational vehicles or renewable energy systems. The new valve regulated lead acid deep cycle batteries like AGM and Gel are known for greater DoD (depth of discharge). Here's a lead acid deep cycle battery voltage chart at 12V, 24V, and 48V.
Capacity
12V
24V
48V
100% (charging)
13.00V
26.00V
52.00V
99%
12.80V
25.75V
51.45V
90%
12.75V
25.55V
51.10V
80%
12.50V
25.00V
50.00V
70%
12.30V
24.60V
49.20V
60%
12.15V
24.30V
48.60V
50%
12.05V
24.10V
48.20V
40%
11.95V
23.90V
47.80V
30%
11.81V
23.62V
47.24V
20%
11.66V
23.32V
46.64V
10%
11.51V
23.02V
46.04V
0%
10.50V
21.00V
42.00V
Jackery LiFePO4 Portable Power Stations
Jackery is the pioneer in manufacturing superior-quality solar products, including solar panels, solar generators, and power stations. Whether you're living off-grid, camping, or want a backup solution for your home, Jackery Explorer Portable Power Stations has your back.
Jackery Solar Generators combine highly efficient Jackery SolarSaga Solar Panels and Jackery Explorer Portable Power Stations that work in tandem to produce electricity. When placed under direct sunlight, the Jackery SolarSaga Solar Panels absorb and eventually convert the solar energy into electricity. The Jackery Explorer Portable Power Stations converts the DC to AC current to charge electrical appliances.
Jackery Explorer Plus Portable Power Station
If you are looking for a large home battery backup that can charge 99% of household appliances, then the Jackery Explorer Plus Portable Power Station is an ideal choice. It has a LiFePO4 battery with a lifespan of cycles, after which it will still retain 70% of the total battery capacity. It has multiple output ports to charge multiple household or outdoor appliances simultaneously. If you want to expand the battery capacity from 2kWh to 24kWh, you can add up to 5 Jackery Battery Pack Plus with each Jackery Explorer Plus Portable Power Station.
Appliance running time:
AC (W) = 1.7H
Kettle (850W) = 2H
Coffee maker (550W) = 3.1H
Mobile (30W) = 57.8H
Jackery Explorer Plus Portable Power Station
The Jackery Explorer Plus Portable Power Station is a compact size charging solution that can supply stable electricity to 99% appliances. It has a lifespan of cycles after which the battery capacity drops to 70% capacity. The LiFePO4 battery boosts a lifespan of 10-year and can provide a pure sine wave and constant voltage. The stable power output and innovative ChargeShield technology protect the equipment against damage and ensure safe operation.
Appliance running time:
AC (W) = 1H
Kettle (850W) = 1.2H
Mobile (30W) = 35.8H
Coffee Maker (550W) = 1.9H
Jackery Explorer 300 Plus Portable Power Station
The Jackery Explorer 300 Plus Portable Power Station weighs only 8.27 lbs and is ideal for camping, road trips, etc. It features 52 protective mechanisms, 4 types of physical protection, and 12 BMS algorithms to improve overall safety. The durable LFP (or LiFePO4) battery, coupled with upgraded BMS technology, offers up to 10 years of lifespan. It can be recharged with book-sized Jackery SolarSaga 40W Solar Panels that can also slip into your backpack.
Appliance running time:
Drone (90W) = 5 times
Camera (8.4W) = 12 times
Mobile Phones = 13 times
CPAP machines (30W) = 8.1H
How to Increase The LiFePO4 Battery Lifespan?
LiFePO4 is a reliable and long-lasting battery that has recently gained popularity. With appropriate maintenance, these batteries can last up to ten years.
Here are a few factors that can affect the 12V LiFePO4 battery lifespan.
-
Temperature plays one of the vital roles in improving the lifespan of LiFePO4 batteries. For this reason, you must store and utilize the LiFePO4 battery in a moderate temperature range to improve longevity and optimal performance.
-
When you charge or discharge the battery too quickly, it can lead to heat buildup and even damage the battery's internal components. It's recommended to charge and discharge the battery at a recommended value.
- Over-discharging any LiFePO4 battery can cause irreversible damage to the battery and can even reduce its lifespan. It is advised to keep the DoD of the LiFePO4 battery below 80% to maximize its lifespan.
One of the simple methods to boost the lifespan or charging/discharging rates is by increasing the battery's Ah capacity. The nylon tape around the cells and keeping the battery at a cool temperature can also improve the lifespan.
Voltage
Capacity
Charge Cycles
Lifespan (Above 80% Original Capacity)
(V)
(Ah %)
(If charged and discharged to each of these voltages every day)
(Charged once a day)
14.4V
100%
cycles
9 years
13.6V
100%
cycles
9 years
13.4V
99%
cycles
9 years
13.3V
90%
cycles
12.5 years
13.2V
70%
cycles
20 years
13.1V
40%
cycles
20 years
13.0V
30%
cycles
20 years
12.9V
20%
cycles
20 years
12.8V
17%
cycles
16.5 years
12.5V
14%
cycles
12.5 years
12.0V
9%
cycles
12.5 years
10.0V
0%
cycles
9 years
LiFePO4 Voltage Chart FAQs
What is the LiFePO4 charging voltage?
The LiFePO4 charging voltage lies somewhere between 3.50 - 3.65V. It's worth noting that the charging voltage of LiFePO4 cannot exceed 3.65V because Li batteries are generally sensitive to over current and over voltage.
What is the nominal lithium battery voltage?
Lithium batteries have a nominal voltage of around 3.7V per cell. When fully charged to 100%, the 12V lithium LiFePO4 battery can hold around 13.3 - 13.4V.
What is the voltage range of the LiFePO4 cell?
The nominal LiFePO4 cell voltage is 3.2V. These cells are fully discharged at 2.5V and charged at 3.65V. It's important to note that these values might vary depending on the cell&#;s specifications.
What is the minimum voltage damage for LiFePO4?
The minimum voltage damage for 12V LiFePO4 batteries is around 10V. If the LiFePO4 battery is discharged below the minimum voltage, it will likely be permanently damaged. That's why it's vital to check the LiFePO4 battery voltage chart and ensure you safely charge your batteries.
What is the low voltage cutoff for LiFePO4?
The low voltage cutoff for LiFePO4 is the predetermined voltage threshold below which any battery should not discharge. The value for LiFePO4 battery is around 2.5V per cell.
What voltage should LiFePO4 bulk absorb?
The LiFePO4 bulk/absorb voltage lies between 14.2 and 14.6 volts. A voltage of 14.0 volts is also possible with the help of some absorb time. Slightly higher voltages of around 14.8-15.0 volts are also possible before disconnecting the battery.
How do I know if my LiFePO4 battery is bad?
No battery can last forever, no matter how good it is. A LiFePO4 battery may start degrading after a few years, and you may see some signs of degradation. Here are a few of them.
-
The 12V LiFePO4 batterytakes longer to charge than usual or cannot charge at all.
-
The electronic device powers off unexpectedly, even when there is plenty of battery left.
-
LiFePO4 battery may become overinflated after a few years, which is a sign of a damaged or bad battery.
Final Thoughts
The LiFePO4 voltage chart can help you understand the performance levels of the batteries. Once you read and understand the LiFePO4 voltage chart, it will help you know how useful these batteries are for power backup systems.
Jackery Portable Power Stations feature highly efficient LiFePO4 batteries and can charge most home or outdoor appliances. They have a long lifespan, large battery capacity, and ergonomic design, making them an ideal choice for emergency backup solutions or outdoor adventures.
Part 1. What is LiFePO4 battery voltage?
1. What is the lithium battery voltage?
The electrode potential determines the voltage of a lithium battery. Voltage, also known as potential difference or potential difference, is a physical quantity that measures the energy difference between charges in an electrostatic field due to different potentials.
The electrode potential of lithium ions is about 3 V. The voltage of lithium batteries varies with different materials. For example, the rated voltage of a general lithium battery is 3.7 V, and the fully charged voltage is 4.2 V. The rated voltage of a lithium iron phosphate battery is 3.2 V, and the total voltage is 3.65 V. In other words, the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes of lithium batteries in practice cannot exceed 4.2 V. This requirement is based on material and use safety.
2. What is the voltage of the LiFePO4 battery?
The nominal voltage will vary Depending on the lithium battery pack&#;s cathode material. The nominal voltage of a lithium cobalt oxide battery is 3.7 V. The nominal voltage of a lithium manganate battery is 3.8 V. The nominal voltage of lithium batteries made of lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is only 3.5-3.6 V. However, with the continuous improvement of the formula and the improvement of the structure, the nominal voltage of lithium batteries of this material can reach 3.7 V. Lithium iron phosphate battery has the lowest nominal voltage, only 3.2 V.
The nominal voltage of the LiFePO4 battery is 3.2 V, the high-end charging voltage is 3.65 V, and the low-end discharge voltage is 2.0 V. Due to the different quality and process of the positive and negative electrode materials and electrolyte materials used by various battery manufacturers, their performance will be different.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries have the advantages of high safety, long cycle life, rate discharge, and high-temperature resistance. They are considered to be a new generation of lithium batteries. It can be applied to power energy storage, special equipment, robots, AGVs, rail transit, medical equipment, emergency equipment, power communications, etc.
3. LiFePO4 battery features
- Excellent safety performance: No explosion or burning when punctured or overcharged.
- Superior cycle life: LiFePO4 batteries can exceed 2,000 cycles.
- Outstanding high-temperature performance: Operates within -20 °C to 70°C range.
- High tap density and increased capacity in comparable conditions.
- Enables rapid charging at 1C-5C rates, significantly reducing charging time.
A. 3.2 V LiFePO4 battery
3.2V lithium iron phosphate battery refers to the nominal voltage of the battery cell. That is, the average voltage from the beginning to the end of discharge (the voltage we often say is dead) after the battery cell is fully charged.&#;
B. 3.65 V LiFePO4 battery
As for 3.6 voltage refers to the no-load voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery when it is fully charged. In other words, these two voltages refer to the voltage of the battery core. The single-cell voltages of similar batteries are the same, but the capacity is different. The battery capacity depends on the cell size, specifications, equipment, and R&D technical strength of the lithium iron phosphate battery manufacturer. Strong lithium battery manufacturers, such as Ufine, can produce lithium iron phosphate batteries of the same size and specifications with higher capacity. Still, of course, the price will be more expensive.
C. 12 V, 12 V, 24 V, 72 V LiFePO4 battery
So what are the 12 V, 12 V, 24 V, and 72 V of lithium iron phosphate batteries? The statement that the voltage exceeds 3.65 refers to the battery, not the cell. Whether it is 12 V, 24 V, or higher LiFePO4 voltage, it is all achieved through the series connection of battery cells. For example, 12 V requires four 3.2 V battery cells to be connected in series, which is 3.2 V+3.2 V+3.2 V+3.2 V= 12.8 V.
Part 2. LiFePO4 charge voltage vs LiFePO4 float voltage
1. What is lifepo4 charge voltage?
The full charge voltage, also known as the charging voltage, is the maximum voltage that the battery should be charged up to in order to reach a 100% state of charge. Going above this voltage can potentially damage the battery over time.
The typical full charge voltage for a LiFePO4 battery is around 3.65V per cell.
The specific full charge voltage for LiFePO4 batteries can range from around 3.55V to 3.70V per cell, depending on the battery manufacturer, the battery management system design, and the specific application requirements.
Compared to other Li-ion battery chemistries like NMC or LCO which have full charge voltages around 4.2V per cell, the lower full charge voltage of LiFePO4 is another advantage, as it helps improve the overall safety and longevity of the battery pack.
2. What is LiFePO4 float voltage&#;
The &#;float voltage&#; refers to the voltage at which the battery is maintained when it is fully charged and not under load. This float voltage helps to keep the battery in a fully charged state without overcharging it.
The typical float voltage for a LiFePO4 battery is around 3.4V to 3.5V per cell.
The specific float voltage range can vary slightly depending on the battery manufacturer and the battery management system design, but generally LiFePO4 batteries have a lower float voltage compared to other Li-ion battery chemistries like NMC or LCO, which typically have float voltages around 4.2V per cell.
The lower float voltage is one of the advantages of LiFePO4 batteries, as it helps to improve the overall safety and longevity of the battery pack.
3. LiFePO4 Charge Voltage and LiFePO4 Float Voltage
Let&#;s go through the key points regarding LiFePO4 charge voltage, float voltage, and the difference between them:
1) LiFePO4 Charge Voltage:
- The typical full charge voltage is around 3.65V per cell
- Charge voltage range is typically 3.55V to 3.70V per cell
- This is the maximum voltage the battery should be charged up to for 100% state of charge
2) LiFePO4 Float Voltage:
- Typical float voltage is around 3.40V to 3.50V per cell
- The float voltage is the voltage at which the battery is maintained when fully charged and not under load
- This helps keep the battery in a fully charged state without overcharging
3) The difference:
- The charge voltage is higher than the float voltage
- The charge voltage is the maximum voltage reached during the charging process
- The float voltage is the maintenance voltage once the battery is fully charged
- The difference between the charge voltage and float voltage is what allows the battery management system to properly charge and maintain the LiFePO4 battery
- Keeping the battery at the lower float voltage when fully charged helps extend the overall battery life and prevent damage from overcharging
In summary, the charge voltage charges the battery to 100% state of charge, while the lower float voltage maintains the fully charged state without overcharging the cells.
Part 3. LiFePO4 battery voltage chart
This table provides a comprehensive overview of the key voltage parameters for LiFePO4 batteries.
Voltage Characteristic
Typical Voltage Range
Key Points
Nominal Voltage
3.3V per cell
The average voltage of a LiFePO4 cell during normal operation.
Open Circuit Voltage (OCV)
3.2V to 3.6V
The voltage of the cell when it&#;s not under load.
Charge Voltage
3.50V to 3.70V
The voltage range used to charge the LiFePO4 cell to 100% state of charge.
&#; Full Charge Voltage
3.65V per cell
The maximum voltage the cell should be charged to.
Float Voltage
3.40V to 3.50V
The maintenance voltage is when the cell is fully charged and not under load.
Discharge Voltage
2.5V to 3.6V
The voltage range during discharge from full to minimum safe level.
&#; Minimum Discharge
~2.8V per cell
The lowest recommended voltage to avoid over discharge and potential damage.
Part 4. LiFePO4 battery voltage and capacity
LiFePO4 Battery Voltage
As mentioned, the nominal voltage of a single lithium iron phosphate battery is 3.2 V, the charging voltage is 3.6 V, and the discharge cut-off voltage is 2.0 V. The lithium iron phosphate battery pack reaches the voltage the equipment requires through the series combination of cells. The battery pack voltage = N * the number of series connections.
Commonly used lithium iron phosphate battery pack voltages are as follows:
- 12 V LiFePO4 Battery
- 24 V LiFePO4 Battery
- 36 V LiFePO4 Battery
- 48 V LiFePO4 Battery
- 72 V LiFePO4 Battery
LiFePO4 Battery Capacity
The capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery pack is determined based on the capacity and number of cells connected in parallel. It is generally determined based on the specific requirements of the electrical equipment. The more LiFePO4 cells connected in parallel, the greater the capacity. Common LiFePO4 battery pack capacities include 10ah, 20ah, 40ah, 50ah, 100ah, 200ah, 400ah, etc.
Part 5. LiFePO4 voltages and battery life
1. Charge and discharge
When choosing a battery charger, it is best to use a charger with a correct termination device to cut off the charge to avoid shortening the service life of the lithium iron phosphate battery due to overcharging. Generally speaking, slow charging can extend the battery&#;s life better than fast charging.
2. Discharge depth
The depth of discharge is the main factor affecting the life of lithium iron phosphate batteries. The higher the depth of discharge, the shorter the life of the lithium iron phosphate battery. In other words, as long as the depth of discharge is reduced, the service life of lithium iron phosphate batteries can be greatly extended. Therefore, over-discharging lithium battery UPS to extremely low voltages should be avoided.
3. Working environment
Suppose lithium iron phosphate batteries are used at high temperatures for a long time. In that case, their electrode activity will decay, and their service life will be shortened. Therefore, maintaining a suitable operating temperature is a good way to extend the life of lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Part 6. Final thoughts
There are many kinds of LiFePO4 battery voltages. The capacity of a LiFePO4 battery or battery pack is ever-changing, and batteries with corresponding capacity can be made according to electrical equipment needs. Of course, the capacity of cells of a certain size is also limited. You must connect cells or batteries in parallel to increase the battery capacity. This also has a quantity limit.
Part 7. FAQs
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What voltage should my LiFePO4 battery be?
The voltage of a LiFePO4 battery should typically be around 3.2 to 3.3 volts per cell.
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What is the safe float voltage for LiFePO4?
The safe float voltage for LiFePO4 batteries is around 3.4 to 3.45 volts per cell.
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What is the nominal voltage of a LFP battery?
The nominal voltage of an LFP (LiFePO4) battery is typically 3.2 volts per cell.
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What is the voltage variation of a LiFePO4 cell?
The voltage variation of a LiFePO4 cell can be around 3.0 to 3.6 volts, depending on the state of charge.
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What is the voltage range of LiFePO4 batteries?
The voltage range of LiFePO4 batteries is generally between 2.5 and 3.6 volts per cell, covering the discharged and fully charged states.
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Gerald
Electronic Engineering Writer
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