Onsite oxygen generators in aquaculture

The start of aquaculture can be traced back to ancient Egyptians and Chinese civilizations, where fish were raised in ponds or tanks. While over-fishing, environment (raise in temperature), diseases and sustainability may have not been an issue for the ancient fish farmers, today, however, aquaculture faces significant development challenges.  In particular because of the increasing global demand and farming conditions. Thanks to new technology, i.e. oxygen gas generators, introduced during the late s, worldwide fish farming has experienced rapid growth and expanded into several countries. This growth on the other hand has not been without challenges. One of them being the replication of natural conditions. 

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In the past, ponds were carefully chosen based on proximity and specific criteria for optimal growth, such as natural water circulation systems. In modern times, however, fish farming has expanded to a much larger scale, often taking place in offshore or coastal regions that are located remotely, as is the case of salmon farming. In order to replicate natural conditions, facilities are often very complex and utilize technologies such as onsite oxygen generators. The success of any modern aquaculture facility depends heavily on aligning these natural conditions, particularly in terms of oxygenation.

Sea cages and provision of oxygen &#; Aeration

Oxygenation or aeration is crucial , as it supports fish farmers in replicating natural conditions and helps fish with respiration, growth and health. Maintaining optimal oxygen levels is essential to prevent stress, diseases (such as salmon lice), optimal feed ingestion, temperature regulation and overall mortality in farmed salmon. Contemporary salmon farming industry uses two types of system methodologies, open and closed systems:

• Open cage systems: Salmon are directly exposed to the surrounding waters. Oxygen availability relies on the natural oxygen levels in the water. Currents and water flow play a crucial role in providing oxygen to the fish. However, due to fish population densities, currents, and temperature rise can result in oxygen depletion. In such cases, additional oxygenation is necessary to maintain optimal and necessary levels.
  
  
• Closed cage systems (also known as marine donut): Are designed to provide a more controlled environment. These cage systems allow a better regulation of oxygen levels, as oxygen can be actively monitored and adjusted. The water in closed systems can also be circulated and treated to ensure sufficient oxygenation for the fish, reducing the reliance on natural water currents.
  
  

Both open and closed systems require careful monitoring and management of adequate oxygen levels. Factors mentioned earlier, such as fish density, water temperature, feed input and waste accumulation can influence oxygen demand in both types of systems. For instance, increases in temperature lead to a dual effect where the oxygen consumption of the fish increases while the saturation level for oxygen decreases. Salmon farming expert (ref. Fishfarming Expert) recommend that oxygen levels in the cages to not drop below 60% to 70% of the saturation level for extended periods, especially when the water temperature rises above 12 to 14 degrees Celsius.  

Bulk delivery or onsite oxygen supply?

To effectively address the oxygen requirements, salmon farmers have two practical options: employing delivered oxygen gas, also known as &#;bulk delivery,&#; which is oxygen in liquid form and later gasified, or deploying an onsite oxygen generator, the latter proven to be the most economically viable solution. Every fish farming facility, however, assesses their own specific needs and requirements such as cost, location, availability, control etc and proceed accordingly. To provide a comparison between liquid oxygen (bulk delivery) and onsite oxygen supply, the table below outlines key factors to consider for each method of oxygen supply.

Liquid oxygen (bulk delivery) vs Onsite oxygen generation

Liquid oxygen (bulk delivery)Onsite oxygen supplyCostExpensive due to ongoing purchase of oxygen, storage tanks, rent etc.Cost savings in the long run by eliminating ongoing purchasesLogistics and availabilityRelies on external suppliers for timely oxygen deliveries, potential disruptions if supply chain issues arise. Availability may be limited in certain locations, leading to challenges in ensuring consistent supplyIndependence and control over oxygen supply and availability. Oxygen production on demand 24/7.   Storage and handlingTailored storage facilities and careful handling for safetyConvenience and immediate access to oxygen without relying on external sourcesOxygen purity control Fixed purity Adjustable purityMaintenanceMinimal maintenance, mostly focused on the storage tank and vaporizers (gasifiers).Regular maintenanceEnvironmental impactProduction, transportation, and emissions associated with liquid oxygen contribute to environmental footprintReduced transportation emissions and potential environmental benefits

Apart from for the above outline, it is widely known that onsite oxygen generators are better suited for harsh environments, such as freezing temperatures, where majority of industrial salmon farming facilities are located. Onsite oxygen generators help in preventing ice formation, benefitting both salmon and amount of work. As mentioned in the introduction, aquaculture operations depend heavily on successful management of many factors, apart from oxygenation, the environment, location, and being sustainable is also of great importance.   

A solution that perfectly aligns with the needs of modern operations is OXYMAT&#;s 10-foot container onsite oxygen generator, designed to optimize oxygen supply while considering the unique demands of the industry.

OXYMAT&#;s 10-foot container onsite oxygen generators stands out for their exceptional suitability in harsh environments, high oxygen production capacity, minimal environmental impact, and portability. Highlighted below are advantages in utilizing the container.   

1. High oxygen production capacity: Adequate oxygen supply is crucial for the health and growth of aquatic organisms. With an impressive oxygen production capacity of 65 kg/h, OXYMAT 10&#; onsite oxygen generators provide oxygen purity up to 95% with air factor of 9.0.
   
   
2. Plug-and-play settings and ease of transport: Fish farming facilities are often located in areas with limited accessibility. Housed within a 10-foot container, OXYMAT onsite generators are highly portable and easy to transport. They can be swiftly put into operation and monitored form a remote location. With a weight of only 6,750 kg, they are ultra-lightweight, and have a footprint that measures (L x W x H) 2,991 x 2,438 x 2,986 mm.  
   
   
3. Low energy consumption and minimal environmental impact: Sustainability is a key consideration in modern practices. Recognizing this, OXYMAT onsite oxygen generators are designed with a focus on environmental stewardship. The overall consumption of electric power is 0.6 kW/kg O2.
   
   
4. Well-suited for harsh environments: The industry often faces the challenge of operating in harsh environments, including extreme temperatures and remote locations. OXYMAT 10&#; onsite oxygen generators are specifically designed to excel for such conditions. Se image above.
   
   

In summary, to meet the growing global demand while ensuring ideal conditions for fish growth, aquaculture, and specifically salmon farming, must replicate natural environment. One of them being oxygenation, which has become essential in both open and closed systems. It has been proven that in comparison to &#;bulk delivery&#;, onsite oxygen generators provide a more affordable option in the long run. Along with purities that are adjustable and minimal environmental impact, they offer autonomy and quick access to oxygen. Onsite oxygen generators, such as the 10-foot container model from OXYMAT meet the requirements of contemporary aquaculture operations, they improve oxygen production, are portable, use significantly less electric power and are suitable for harsh environments.

Fish farming, also known as aquaculture, has become an increasingly popular method of producing seafood in recent years. This is due to the rise in demand for seafood and the rapid decline of wild fish populations. One of the biggest challenges facing fish farmers is maintaining the right level of oxygen in their ponds or tanks to keep their fish healthy and thriving. Oxygen is essential for the growth, health and well-being of fish, and a lack of it can result in disease, poor growth and even death.

As a solution to this problem, many fish farmers are turning to onsite oxygen generators to provide a reliable and sustainable source of oxygen for their fish. Gas generation technology is now more accessible than before, with generators to suit all levels of operations and budgets. Oxygen generators work by separating nitrogen and other impurities from the air to produce concentrated oxygen, which is then dissolved into the water. Oxygen generators are able to provide a reliable supply of oxygen to match your demand ensuring the survival and well-being of the seafood.

The benefits of an onsite oxygen generator for fish farming aquaculture are numerous:

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1.      Reliable, increased oxygen levels: An onsite oxygen generator provides a consistent and controlled flow of oxygen to the water, which improves the growth, survival, and health of fish. Higher dissolved oxygen content in the water allows for higher stock density and increases the average weight of stock significantly improving yields.

2.      Precise control: Another benefit of onsite gas generation is that it allows for the precise control of the gas composition in the aquaculture system. This is important because the exact amount of oxygen needed for the optimal growth and reproduction of aquatic animals and plants can vary greatly depending on the species, life stage, and water temperature.

3.      Cost Savings: One of the major benefits of onsite oxygen generation in aquaculture is the cost savings it can bring. By eliminating the need to transport oxygen from external sources, the cost of oxygenation can be reduced significantly. While the initial investment in an onsite oxygen generator may be higher, but the long-term cost savings from reduced energy costs and minimal maintenance make it a more cost-effective solution in the long run.

4.      Reduced energy consumption: The use of an onsite oxygen generator can also help to reduce energy costs. Traditional oxygen delivery systems can be energy-intensive, as they require large tanks and compressors to store and distribute oxygen. An onsite oxygen generator is more energy-efficient, producing oxygen on demand, reducing the need for energy-intensive storage and distribution systems.

5.      More environmentally friendly: Onsite oxygen generators also have a smaller carbon footprint than traditional methods of producing oxygen, especially if the site has a localised source of green energy. They use less energy as well as eliminate the need for regular transportation of gases, therefore, lowering emissions. This makes them an environmentally friendly option for fish farmers looking to reduce their environmental impact.

6.      Longer lifespan and reduced maintenance costs: An onsite oxygen generator requires very little maintenance and has a longer lifespan than traditional aerators. This results in lower costs for farmers and fewer interruptions in production.

7.      Improved water quality: An onsite oxygen generator helps regulate water conditions, including pH levels, temperature, and salinity. This results in a more stable and healthy environment for the fish.

8.      Reduced dependence on external power: An onsite oxygen generator does not require a constant power source, making it a reliable option for farmers in remote or off-grid locations.

9.      Ease of use: onsite oxygen generators are easy to use and maintain. They do not require specialised training or equipment and can be easily integrated into existing aquaculture systems. This makes them a convenient and cost-effective solution for fish farmers of all sizes.

In conclusion, an onsite oxygen generator is a game-changer for fish farmers looking to improve their aquaculture practices. It provides a reliable and efficient source of oxygen, reduces energy consumption, and helps improve the overall environment and water quality in fish ponds. This results in healthier fish, increased yields, and lower costs for farmers. Find out more about oxygen generation and aquaculture. 

About Gas Generation Australia

Gas Generation Australia offers innovative onsite gas generation solutions to the Australian industry and manufacturing. From packaged modular systems to custom-designed solutions, Gas Generation Australia provides an autonomous nitrogen or oxygen supply, where and when you need it most. Our wide range of PSA or membrane generators deliver optimal purity and reliable production volume.

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