List of Oil and Gas Equipment
The oil and gas sector is one of the largest industries globally. Through the use of advanced equipment, both public and private oil-producing companies can establish and manage refineries where crude oil is refined into usable engine oil and gas.
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Apart from oil and gas, numerous by-products can be derived from crude oil. These products, including diesel fuel, asphalt, liquified petroleum gas (LPG), pharmaceutical feedstocks, and wax, require various types of equipment and processes to ensure they meet necessary standards.
This article will explain the equipment in the oil and gas industry necessary for extraction, production, and distribution phases.
The Importance of Choosing the Right Oil and Gas Equipment
Oil and gas production involves different tools and equipment for various stages and processes. Choosing the right equipment is crucial for business scaling in terms of maintenance and estimated useful life.
Most essential equipment in the oil and gas industry is made of steel, and the quality of the steel used is crucial in preventing oil and gas leakages. The quality of the end product also heavily relies on the equipment used during the filtration process. Here are some benefits of selecting the correct oil and gas equipment.
Choosing the right equipment boosts productivity, ensuring enough stock to supply customers and compete with other businesses in the field.
Using suitable oil and gas equipment is crucial during extraction, production, and distribution due to the highly flammable nature of oil and gas compounds. Additionally, old or obsolete equipment can lead to recurrent oil spills, majorly causing air and water pollution.
- Reduced Cost of Maintenance
Regular maintenance is vital in the oil and gas sector to ensure proper flow through pipelines and prevent hazards due to flammability. Selecting equipment made from strong, heat, and corrosion-resistant steel is important.
General Equipment Used in Oil and Gas Industry
Acquiring oil and gas production equipment is a capital-intensive investment. Each production stage requires different types of equipment. Below is a list of equipment needed for each stage:
- Valve actuator
- Pump
- Gauge and Meter
- Separator
- Compressor
- Pipe
- Industrial ball valve
- Bearing
- Fluid handling and hose
- Fiberglass pipe
- Welding supplies
- HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) equipment
- Stainless steel fittings
- Non-corrosive fittings
- Seals
- Pipeline adhesive
- Centrifuge
- Top drive
- Drill mast
Maintenance Workshop Equipment
A firm lacking proper maintenance will go out of business early. Maintenance ensures equipment remains in good condition and prevents unforeseen hazards. Essential maintenance workshop equipment includes:
- Pipe Fittings and Flanges
Pipes and flanges are vital for proper oil and gas flow to the desired destination. Pipe fittings connect or change the direction of pipes, pumps, and valves, while flanges are connected using bolts and sealing gaskets.
Equipment like separators, flow lines, and stock tanks are frequently under pressure. The pressure gauge helps operators monitor current pressure levels to make informed decisions.
The valve actuator controls fluid flow through the valve. It can be opened and closed manually or automatically. Some valve actuators are strong and resistant to high temperatures.
A lathe is used in shaping metal to remove unwanted parts and carve out a nicely shaped workpiece. It is versatile for drilling, sanding, turning, knurling, and cutting.
Drilling Equipment
Drilling extracts trapped resources from beneath the earth by making holes into the earth's crust. Below is essential drilling equipment:
The drill string refers to a set of connected drill pipes enabling field operators to deliver rotation, weight, and fluid to the bottom of a drilled well. The drilling bit breaks rock formation during the oil well drilling process.
A derrick is a framework built over an oil well to push drill pipes into the well. It facilitates lateral movement, lifting, and dropping of drill pipes.
The Blowout Preventer (BOP) is a large valve mounted above oil wells to control fluid flow during and after drilling. It prevents unwanted fluids from entering the well.
The top drive is a motor responsible for navigating the drill string and tools during well drilling. It allows longer pipe drilling and serves as an alternative to a rotary table.
Wellhead Equipment Used in Oil and Gas
The wellhead attaches to the casing to suspend strings and seal the well wall, connecting tubings and casings to oil or gas pipelines. Essential wellhead equipment includes:
The casing head connects the casing with the wellhead, featuring API 6A flanges with locking bolts preventing damage from excess pressure.
The casing spool connects to the casing string, suspending and packing the next casing string, providing annular outlets, and supporting the BOP during drilling.
The topmost spool in the wellhead formation, tubing heads hang tubings and conceal the annulus between the casing and tubing.
Production Oil and Gas Equipment
The production process starts with preparing the rig site before drilling and finally moving extracted oil and gas to a facility for processing and separation. Essential production equipment includes:
- Pressure Vessel and Distillation Column
Pressure vessels are cylindrical containers where chemical and physical processes occur under high pressure and temperature. Distillation columns separate liquid mixtures based on their components. Contact us to discuss your requirements for LNG Storage solution. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.
Boilers generate high amounts of steam needed to power processes like vacuum distillation, steam distillation, stripping, and process heating.
The accumulator monitors, seals, and controls oil wells to prevent spillage when pressure is high.
Refinery Equipment Used in Oil and Gas
Refineries transform crude oil into various petroleum products. This process involves substantial capital investment to acquire key equipment, including:
Heat exchangers transfer heat from one fluid to another, performing heating and cooling functions.
Piping systems transport oil and gas through the processing, blending, and value addition stages of a refinery. Efficiency depends on how well oil and gas components move through the plant.
Compressors increase the pressure of natural gases, enabling their transport from the production site to desired destinations and compressing fluids at the wellhead.
Other Terms to Consider in the Oil and Gas Production Sector
Land rigs create holes for extracting oil or natural gas on land and can identify geological reservoirs. They move locations once the oil well is drilled.
Offshore rigs are water-based structures equipped for drilling, extraction, and processing of oil and gas, housing workers and storing products until brought offshore.
Drilling equipment is essential for extracting gases and crude oil from beneath the earth's crust, including blowout preventers, derricks, drills, and bits.
- Oil and Gas Production Equipment
This category covers all tools applied through the upstream, midstream, and downstream stages of oil and gas production.
Fishing and re-entry tools retrieve lost or damaged tools from wells to reduce downtime, including casing scrapers, junk baskets, and fishing magnets.
Support equipment provides special support and direction during production, including frameworks, support systems, and lifters.
Tubular equipment handles piping systems during production for both onshore and offshore applications.
Electrical tools are mainly used during refining to convert, conduct, control, transform, and store electrical energy, including transformers and switchgears.
- Pressure Control Equipment
Pressure control tools maintain optimum pressure levels during production, built to withstand strenuous conditions.
These tools ease drilling by stabilizing rock cuttings, providing buoyancy, and controlling well pressure, including mud hoppers and gate valves.
Valves and flanges connect and control the plant's piping system, with flanges using bolts and seals and valves sometimes being threaded.
Oilfield trucks, including swab rigs and vacuum trucks, are essential for oil rigs and various production stages, designed for toughness, reliability, and power.
Oilfield trailers haul heavy materials from their production site to the oilfield, designed for strength and specifically for the oil and gas industry.
In the industry, trucks equipped with cranes lift heavy materials into other trucks for transportation, designed for high-speed travel on off-road terrain and highways.
Oilfield construction involves specialists due to the complex materials and equipment, often divided among different companies based on their specialization.
Conclusion
The oil and gas industry holds a significant percentage of global market transactions. Oil and gas manufacturers invest substantial resources in sophisticated equipment for drilling, transporting, and processing. Most equipment in the industry is assigned to specialists with expertise to deliver quality work.
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