Low Bed Trailer Ultimate Guide

Have you ever seen a trailer with a load capacity of 150 tons or more? How do you transport large equipment such as excavators or cranes from one place to another?

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Would you like to learn more about the trailers that can carry these heavy loads? Have you heard of lowbed(lowboy) trailers that can carry up to 150 tons?

Lowbed trailers are available in different sizes with load capacities of 20 tons, 30 tons, 50 tons, 70 tons, 80 tons, 100 tons, 120 tons, and 150 tons. Different types of low bed trailers have different numbers of axles, ranging from 2 to 8 axles.

Low bed trailers are used by many different types of businesses, such as trucking, heavy hauling, and so on. In some places, these trucks are referred to as 'lowboy trucks'. Some people consider modular trailers with hydraulic wheels to be lowbed trailers.

This post-Low Bed Trailer Ultimate Guide will tell you everything you need to know about lowbed trailers. We'll go in-depth on how low bed trailers are assembled, what parts are available, and how quality control works.

We'll go over the pros and cons of each trailer and show you how to pick the best low bed trailer for your business. By following this description, you can buy a lowboy trailer or low bed trailer from China at a low price.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: What Is a Low Bed Trailer?

1.1 History of Low Bed Trailers

The first lowbed trailers were introduced in the s. The first trailers had a fixed gooseneck tube that could be used to attach the front of the trailer to a truck.

The rear of the trailer was fitted with thick rubber tires. The only way to load it was from the back. Due to the way the trailer is designed, it is difficult to load heavy cargo. Equipment that needed to be transported would be delivered to the deck of the trailer via the rubber rear tires.

In the s, a better low bed truck appeared. The improved model could transport more and it was easy to keep heavy loads on the deck.

In , trailers with removable goosenecks were first introduced. This design made loading the deck much easier. Since the first lowbed trailers had riveted gooseneck tubes, they could only be loaded from the rear.

In the s, a new type of low bed truck was introduced. The gooseneck tubes on this trailer could be loaded from the front.

The old detachable gooseneck trailers worked the same way as the new RGN trailers. This design eliminates the need for a loading ramp in the trailer. The new lowbed trailer now being produced has air interrupters, which the older trailers did not have.

As technology advances, so do low bed trailers. The low bed trailer now has added hydraulic systems. These hydraulic systems improve the performance of the lowbed trailer and make it better for transporting heavy loads.

1.2 Applications and Advantages of Low Bed Trailer

Application Areas of Low Bed Trailers

Different types of businesses use lowbed trailers to transport heavy loads. These are the most common uses of lowbed trailers below.

Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Automobile manufacturers use low bed trailers to transport heavy vehicles from one showroom to another. Transporters move cars from ports to customers' homes and sometimes to showrooms.

Heavy vehicles such as buses, trucks, and specialty vehicles can be transported on lowbed trailers. Lowbed trailers can haul a large number of smaller vehicles at the same time.

Rail Vehicles

There are various types of rail vehicles such as wagons, locomotives, road rail vehicles and rail coaches.

All of these vehicles have one thing in common: they are big and heavy. One of the best ways to move rail vehicles is to use a low bed truck.

Mining Machinery

Drilling and transporting materials such as crude oil and minerals requires large machinery. This equipment is assembled away from the mine site and then transported to the mining area on low bed truck.

Due to the construction of mining machinery, the use of lowbed trailers is an appropriate method of transportation. Mining equipment is probably the heaviest equipment transported over the road by machine builders.

Forestry Machinery

Heavy machinery and equipment are also commonly used in the timber business. Heavy machinery is needed to cut down trees and move logs. Logs are sometimes processed into lumber and other products on-site before being transported.

Before being transported to the forest, these machines are built in assembly plants or shipped from other countries. Low-bed trailers are used to transport forestry machinery from the place of assembly to the place of use.

The trailer's wheels can withstand the rough ground in the forest. Low bed trailers are also used to transport forestry equipment from one forest to another or back to the assembly plant at the end of the project.

Agricultural Machinery

Agriculture is also an area where heavy machinery is often used. These heavy equipment are mainly used for large-scale farming. These large farms are located far from towns and cities.

The most common types of farm machinery transported on lowbed trailers are loaders, excavators, bulldozers, cranes and pavers. Low bed trailers can travel through muddy fields to transport equipment from one farm to another.

Construction Machinery

Low bed trailers are also commonly used in the construction industry. Many different types of heavy machinery are often used when building roads and bridges or houses.

Standard semi-trailers are not always able to transport certain types of construction machinery and materials. Low bed trailer can transport these heavy machines to the construction site. In addition, these trailers are often used to transport large bulk materials such as piers and bridges.

Windmill Components

Windmill components are typically assembled in a factory and then transported to the construction site. These components are wide and heavy, just like any other heavy cargo.

Because of the way they are manufactured and designed, these components cannot fit on a narrow trailer. Lowboy are an efficient way to transport these components to the job site.

Low bed trailers can be used to transport a variety of heavy cargo, not just vehicles and machinery. For example, finished products from these areas are loaded into containers and stacked on a Lowboy.

The containers can be stacked without falling over. Because of this, many manufacturers prefer to use lowbed trailers to deliver finished goods to retailers.

If you are interested in how a low bed semi-trailer can transport windmill parts, then this Wind Turbine Trailers article is for you.

Advantages of Lowbed Trailers

lowbed trailers are used in many applications because they perform better than other heavy-duty haulers. Here are some of its main benefits.

Stability

Lowboy trailers have a very large deck compared to other large haulers. A lower deck means that the vehicle has a lower center of gravity. Because of this, lowbed trailers are more stable than trucks when moving heavy loads.

Widening the support base is one way to improve stability. Because the width of the cargo plane can be widened, lowbed trailer can do this. Despite the height and weight of the cargo, low bed trailer remains stable on the road.

Safety

Low bed trailers were originally designed to carry heavy loads. The trailer is made of sturdy materials that can withstand pressures of up to 700mpa.

Not only that, but the height of the main beam can be up to 550 millimeters. This means that manufacturers can ensure the safety of goods and equipment during transportation.

Compliance with Height Regulations

In some countries, the height at which goods can be transported on the road is limited by law.

Companies can use low-flatbed trailers to transport over-height equipment safely, as they do not violate any regulations.

For other transportation companies, it can be difficult to load tall tools onto the trailer. The rear of some types of lowbed trailers can be lowered, which makes loading large items easier and safer.

Versatility

Low bed trailers are useful for many commercial purposes, which is one of the reasons why many people buy them. Cargo that is too wide or too large for the trailer can be transported. In most cases, heavy machinery falls under the category of machines that are too wide or too heavy.

Low bed trailers are manufactured in a way that allows companies to move large loads with ease. Let's not forget that trailers can also carry extra tall cargo.

Businesses that transport different types of goods do not need to purchase separate trucks for each type of cargo. Any type of cargo can be transported in a low bed truck as long as it is packaged properly. When a hauler purchases a low bed trailer, the only thing they need to worry about is keeping it in good condition.

1.3 Types of Low Bed Trailers

Regular Low Bed trailer

Most lowbed trailers are flatbed, which means the load board is a flatbed. The only drop on the trailer is behind the gooseneck tube, as shown below.

Other types of trailers are used for transporting normal heavy loads and at the same time, they are not able to transport very tall heavy loads. Since lowbed trailers use a lower flatbed, the working area of a lowbed trailer is higher than other types of trailers.

The average low bed truck with two axles can transport up to 20 tons of heavy loads. Of course, you can increase the trailer's weight capacity by increasing the number of axles.

In addition, the load capacity of a low bed trailer also depends on its model. Depending on the customer's needs, some factories produce regular lowbed trailers with additional axles. Depending on the type of cargo, you can ask for a standard trailer that is customized just for you.

Advantages

One of the benefits of using a regular low bed truck is that you can save money. The price of this heavy-duty trailer is lower than other similar products.

The cargo platform is longer, which is another advantage of a regular low bed trailer. Most low bed trailers have a second section that can be used as a cargo platform, and this second section can make the cargo platform longer.

Low Loader Trailer

This trailer has another name: the double-deck trailer. What sets this trailer apart is that it has a lower cargo space.

The deck for loading cargo is lower than the back half of the trailer. The cargo deck consists of a staircase structure or a recessed beam.

Advantages

The best feature of a low load trailer is that it is very stable. The staircase structure makes the center of the cargo shorter, thus making it more stable during transportation.

Heavy machinery and tall cargoes are often transported on these trailers. Countries with strict height restrictions are best suited for this type of trailer.

Removable Gooseneck Trailers (RGN trailers) and Folding Gooseneck Trailers

RGN trailers and low bed trailers have stairs on the actual part of the trailer. The main difference between these trailers is that the gooseneck can be removed.

Heavy tools and equipment can be moved with RGN trailers. With a regular lowbed trailer, large items are loaded from the back of it. The RGN trailer loads from the front.

Because the gooseneck can be removed, large items can be loaded from the front. Loading from the front of a folding gooseneck trailer is also easy.

The difference between a folding gooseneck trailer and an RGN trailer is how the gooseneck is moved. An RGN or folding gooseneck trailer does not have a rear ladder like other trailers.

There are two main types of removable goosenecks. The first type is the RGN trailer with hydraulics. This trailer is the easiest and quickest to remove compared to other types of removable gooseneck trailers.

Hydraulic gooseneck trailers are the most popular type of low profile trailer and can be used for a variety of purposes. The gooseneck can be removed from the trailer by means of a hydraulic piston. When loading, the cylinder can lower or raise the trailer as needed.

The hydraulic RGN trailer has a small tank that connects the gooseneck to the truck. If the hitch is removed, heavy loads can be driven from the front of the trailer to the deck.

The hydraulic RGN trailer can be operated from the truck's auxiliary unit. You can also drive it with a pony engine mounted on the RGN trailer gooseneck hose. The problem with hydraulic trailers is that they are heavy and don't have long decks.

The mechanically detachable gooseneck trailer is the second type of RGN trailer. This trailer is more difficult to raise and lower and takes longer to do so than a hydraulic trailer.

The biggest advantage of mechanical RGN trailers is that they cost less and weigh less. They also have longer decks, which means they can carry long, large loads.

Many collapsible gooseneck trailers are mechanical. When the gooseneck trailer is folded up, the deck folds down to the ground. Maintaining a hydraulic collapsible gooseneck trailer requires more maintenance than maintaining a mechanical collapsible gooseneck trailer.

This is because the cost and maintenance of the hydraulic system is higher. The ease and speed of loading items comes at the cost of the extra cost of maintaining the hydraulic system.

Advantages

One of the advantages of a removable or collapsible gooseneck trailer is that it is safer to load large items from the front than from the back or sides. When moving large loads, loading from the back can be a safety hazard.

There are building structures behind the trailer. Therefore, to load large items, you will need a long ladder. Heavy items may fall off the ladder or from the back onto the cargo platform. Such a fall can cause damage to the cargo or equipment before it is transported.

1.4 Lowbed Trailers of Different Configurations

As you can see, there are different types of lowbed trailers. However, lowbed trailers also vary in their construction. As a result, you may find different constructions of the same type of lowbed trailer. There are four main types of construction of low bed trailers.

First, the number of main beams is the main difference between this type of construction. Depending on the weight that can be carried, the trailer may have two or three beams. Three cross members allow for a more secure cargo.

Second, the iron plates on most low-bed trailers are strong, durable, and long-lasting. However, some countries prefer to use wooden planks rather than iron. The main reason for using wooden planks is to make the trailer lighter.

Thirdly, the size of a low bed trailer sometimes needs to be changed depending on the cargo that needs to be transported. The cargo may be very long or very large.

This type of construction is unique in that it differs in that the deck on the trailer can be widened to carry wider cargo. As shown in the picture below, a trailer with this design has a device on the side that can be widened.

Fourth, the tires on a low bed truck can be either exposed or hidden. The main reason for exposing the tires is to reduce the height of the trailer.

This is common where there are strict height restrictions. Where there are no height restrictions, it is common to hide the tires. In the picture below is a low bed trailer with hidden tires.

An example of a low bed trailer with exposed tires is shown in the figure below.

1.5 Calculating Load Capacity

Talking to an engineer is the best way to buy a lowbed trailer. With the help of a professional, you can calculate how much weight the trailer can carry.

The first thing to consider when shopping for a lowbed trailer is how much weight you want to transport. The right trailer can meet your transportation needs.

However, you may not always get an expert answer right away. To calculate the maximum load capacity without an engineer, follow these steps:

Maximum load capacity = number of axles x each axle's load capacity + the load capacity of the towing truck

This method gives you a rough idea of how much weight the trailer can carry. In order to calculate the correct axle carrying capacity, you need to use a different method.

Each axle can carry a different amount of weight. Most axles are 13t, 26t, or 30t, which means they can carry a lot of weight. Here's how to calculate which wheels to use.

Total weight = empty weight (vehicle weight) + cargo weight = 2 x number of axles x each axle's load capacity

This formula is based on the fact that the load capacity of the total axles is approximately the same as the load capacity of the trailer. Your math skills are sufficient to select the correct type of gear without the help of an engineer.

Chapter 2: Factors to Consider When Purchasing a Low Bed Trailer

2.1 How to Pick the Right Model

Regular low-bed trucks, RGN trailers, and low loaders have their advantages and disadvantages. You can choose the model that best suits your business based on the cargo you need to transport.

Choosing the right low-bed trailer is important to ensure the safety of your cargo. Always make sure that your cargo arrives at its destination in perfect condition. Any collision or damage during transportation can result in significant losses.

Any damage to a lowbed trailer can have a major impact on the profitability of your business because they transport heavy and expensive cargo. When you run a freight transportation company, accidents and damages will tarnish your company's image.

Downtime is another problem that can occur if you choose the wrong type of low bed trailer. If you choose a trailer with lower-quality components, then you will disappoint your customers with sporadic downtime.

To choose the right type, you should consider some of the following important things.

Price

You should always have a budget before you start shopping. The price of low-bed trucks depends on how well they work and how much weight they can carry.

When it comes to hauling heavy loads, regular low bed trailers are more cost-effective than trailers. Your budget should allow you to buy the best model.

If you want to transport heavy cargo at the lowest possible cost, then a regular lowbed trailer can meet your needs. For most businesses, a low bed truck is the best way to spend the least amount of money moving large items.

Cargo Size

When picking a trailer type, you should think about how big your cargo is. Consider the width and height, especially if your country has regulations on the height of cars.

If the cargo is too tall, you can opt for a low loader, RGN trailer, or folding gooseneck trailer. You can lower the rear of the model, which reduces the overall height of the cargo.

Cargo Weight

The right type depends on the maximum weight of the cargo. If you need to move more than 70 tons of cargo, you may need to use a low loader, an RGN trailer, and a folding gooseneck trailer.

All three types of trailers have plenty of room for heavy loads. In addition, the bottom deck allows for stability when handling heavy loads.

When lowering the rear load, the center of gravity or the middle of the load moves down. When you lower the center of gravity of a heavy load, it becomes more stable.

Loading Methods

Many businesses have trouble loading heavy cargo on trailers. However, if you choose the right type of trailer, the loading process may be faster. If the trailer doesn't have a deck, then they will have a difficult time loading large, bulky cargo.

Your trailer will need a stair structure, which not only reduces the height of your cargo but also makes it easier to load. Different types of trailers have different loading options.

RGNs and low loaders are suitable for loading heavy cargo. However, if you have lifting equipment, it may be better to use a regular trailer. You can load heavy loads on top of a low bed truck from the front or the back.

However, there are some types of trailers on the market that allow you to place the trailer underneath the load and lift it. This method is easy to use and less likely to be damaged when loading cargo.

Maintenance Costs

The purchase price of a lowbed trailer is not the only cost. In order to keep your trailer running at its best, you will need to maintain it on a regular basis. Some companies use expensive parts to make the best trailers.

You will need to learn how to maintain the different parts. However, you should consider how much it costs to keep the trailer running all the time. If you buy a cheap trailer, it may cost more to repair broken parts.

Sometimes, quality parts in expensive trailers mean that they don't require as much maintenance. You can find out about maintenance needs by reading the manufacturer's instructions.

In the end, you should buy a trailer that can carry the type of cargo you need but is not too expensive. Compare the price of the trailer to its workability and carrying capacity.

Future Business Needs

You may purchase a trailer based on the types of cargo your company has transported in the past. However, you should still consider that the type of cargo may change in the future.

If you are new to running a freight business, your first load may be within the normal range of weight, width, and height. As your business grows, the cargo may get bigger, heavier, and wider.

The best thing you can do is to purchase a trailer that will meet the needs of your current business as well as the needs of your future business. For example, you can use a regular trailer to move cargo now, but in the future, you will need a low loader or RGN trailer.

It's better and more convenient to buy an RGN trailer that will last a long time. When your business grows, you won't have to buy a new low-bed trailer.

2.2 How to Pick Parts

Once you have picked the right model for your shipment, you need to consider each part of the trailer. Remember, you don't always have an engineer around to help you check the load-carrying capacity of the parts. In this chapter, you will learn how to select different parts, such as

• Material
• Main beam
• Landing leg
• Kingpin
• Tires
• Axles and brake
• Suspension
• Ramp
• ABS

Material

When moving heavy loads, you need a low-bed trailer. For this reason, the most suitable material is high-strength steel. Q355, Q550, and Q690 steel sections are commonly used for the basic structure of low bed trailers.

In some places, aluminum is also used as the main structure. The different material types are discussed here.

Q355 (ASMT Grade 50), Manganese Steel

The flexural strength of a material is denoted by Q. Therefore, the stress strength of this material is 355 MPa.

The specifications for low alloy steel are C ' 0.20, Mn ' 1.7, Si ' 0.55, P ' 0.035, S ' 0.035, and V 0.02 to 0.15. One of the benefits of choosing this material is that it saves money.

Good cutting and welding performance is another advantage of Q355 steel. Many buildings, pressure vessels, automobiles, bridges and ships are made of this material.

Q550 and Q690

Q550 (ASTM Type8 Grade 80) and Q690 (ASTM 100 [690] Type Q) are two types of steel. They are both hardened and tempered high tensile strength steel plates with yield strengths of 550 MPa and 690 MPa respectively.

These materials are used in various applications such as harbor cranes, hydraulic supports, shipyard tractors, and coal mining machinery.

Aluminum

In some places, the main frame of a lowbed trailer is made of aluminum instead of steel. Aluminum is more expensive than steel and has a lower yield strength, but it cuts well.

Since aluminum is lighter than steel, aluminum trailers are also very light. Because of their lightweight, they are not suitable for transporting very heavy loads. Aluminum low bed trailers are best suited for transporting cargo weighing up to 50 tons.

One of the advantages of aluminum is that it does not rust or corrode. But on the other hand, it is not very strong and has poor resistance to wear and tear.

Main Beam

The main beam of most low bed trailers is an I-beam. I-beams have a top plate, a vertical plate, and a bottom plate. Typically, the vertical plates require a punching operation.

Most low bed trailers have two main beams. However, for heavier loads, three main beams are used to make the load more secure. Vertical plates can make the trailer lighter and at the same time make the main beams stronger.

Therefore, you need to pick the right number of beams for your cargo. Trailers with three beams are safer, but they are also heavier and cost more.

To support the trailer, the main beams need to have a high yield strength. This means that Q355, Q550 and Q690 steel are the best choices for main beams, while Q235 steel can be used for other beams.

Landing Gear

The landing gear supports the trailer when it is not secured to the truck. The weight of the trailer is the most important consideration when selecting a landing gear.

Landing legs can support up to half the weight of the trailer. There are two main types of landing gear, one is independently operated and the other is linked.

The landing gear has a gear box that changes the speed at which the trailer descends or ascends. Keep this in mind when using a landing gear.

Do not use the fast mode when the trailer is loaded with a heavy load. Also, make sure the landing is always level.

Kingpin

There are two types of Kingpin: one is 50 mm (2 inches) long and the other is 90 mm (3.4 inches) long. The kingpin is usually made of chrome metal and it is the most durable part of the trailer. It is the most durable part of the trailer because it can withstand maximum weight or pressure.

There are two ways to secure the kingpin: welding or bolting. Welding is the safest way to assemble it.

Because it is difficult to remove the master pin after welding, it stays in place during movement. A disadvantage of welding is that it is difficult to replace the joint with a new one.

Tires

There are two main types of tires used on low bed trailers. These are tires with tubes and tires without tubes. Which tire should you choose for your trailer? To help you make your choice, let's look at their advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages of Tubeless Tires

1. Tubeless tires are better than tubed tires as far as road safety is concerned. Tubeless tires, once punctured, slowly leak out the air they are filled with. Tubeless tires, on the other hand, once punctured, may blow out immediately.
2. Tubeless tires have good heat dissipation properties. Therefore, the service life of tires is longer than that of tubeless tires.
3. Tubeless tires make the trailer lighter, which means it uses less gasoline. Therefore, choosing a trailer with tubeless tires can help you save on fuel costs.
4. These tires don't wear out as quickly, making them more suitable for long hauls.

Disadvantages of tubeless tires

1. Tubeless tires cannot withstand large loads because there is no air in them. Since the tires don't have enough pressure, they can't hold a trailer that is too heavy.
2. Tubeless tires are difficult and costly to repair.
3. tires are less stable when the road is rough.

Axles and Brakes

Axles

Different axles can bear different weights, such as 9T, 12T, 13T, 16T and so on. You can choose the most suitable wheels for your lowbed trailer according to the weight.

In the previous article, we told you everything you need to know to calculate the weight an axle can handle and pick the right one.

There is a type of axle that can steer itself using hydraulic and air systems. Trailers with more than one axle usually use automatic steering to prevent tire wear.

It is important to note that the tires on the back of a multi-axle trailer wear out quickly. Most trailers do not have tires that are capable of steering.

Brakes

There are brakes on the wheels. They usually use either drum brakes or disc brakes. We'll cover each type in more detail below:

Drum Brakes

Drum brakes get their name from the shape of the brake, which is a drum with brake shoes inside. To slow the wheels down, the brake pads are pressed into the drum.

Drum brakes are inexpensive but do not dissipate heat well. Drum brakes are also inexpensive to repair and maintain. Heavy-duty and low-speed trailers usually use these brakes.

At high speeds or on steep grades, drum brakes decay faster than disc brakes. They do not work as efficiently as disk brakes. Therefore, drum brakes are mainly used on trailers and automobiles traveling at low speeds.

Disc Brake

This type of brake has a disk-shaped metal rotor that rotates inside the wheel. When the driver presses the brake pedal, the caliper presses the brake pads against the disk.

If the pressure is kept applied, the wheel slows down and the car comes to a stop. Disc brakes are more costly than drum brakes.

Since disc brakes are located on the outside of the wheels, it is easy to check for technical problems. Brake pads need to be replaced frequently, which increases maintenance costs. On the other hand, disc brakes dissipate heat well and stop quickly.

Suspension

Low bed trailers usually have four different suspensions to choose from. Here are the advantages and disadvantages of each type of suspension and its features:

Mechanical Suspension

Multi-leaf suspension is another name for this type of suspension. Mechanical suspensions have a set of reaction arms that ensure that the wheels remain flat at all times.

Even if there is a lot of movement, the wheels remain in the correct position. As a result, the mount is very stable and prevents the load from tipping over when moving.

Low-bed trailers with electric suspension maintain the same load distribution when braking. Heavy-duty trailers can use mechanical suspension.

These suspensions perform well and do not cost much. They can also hold a lot of weight and are easy to maintain. Mechanical suspensions work well even when the ground is rough.

A spring mechanism is part of most mechanical suspensions. As the trailer moves, the mechanism reduces the vibrations that hit different parts of the trailer. Reducing the vibration of the parts extends the life of the parts because they don't wear out as quickly.

Therefore, if you don't have a lot of money to spend on buying and maintaining a trailer, mechanical suspension is a good option. Compared to other types of suspensions, mechanical suspensions are not very expensive to maintain. Most models of mechanical suspensions do not require much lubrication.

Air Suspension

The main reason why air suspensions are superior to other types of suspensions is that they are lightweight. In addition to this, air suspensions are very stable. When carrying large loads, drivers like air suspensions because they are flexible.

The stiffness of the springs changes depending on the weight of the trailer. As a result, air suspensions make driving easier and better for the driver.

Tires equipped with air suspension last longer and consume less fuel. Thanks to the shock absorbers, the different components are not subjected to vibrations, so they last longer.

There are several types of air suspension that can raise the wheels when the trailer is not in use. The driver can change the height of the suspension depending on the ground conditions and the weight of the cargo.

The driver can also change the height when the trailer is empty. Keeping the height lower helps the driver keep the trailer stable when it is fully loaded.

The lower height also makes the vehicle easier to steer and maneuver. Air suspensions can handle different types of ground.

The biggest problem is that air suspensions are costly. All of this means that trailers with air suspensions cost more than other trailers.

Rigid Suspension

Due to their construction, rigid suspensions are sometimes referred to as dual-vibration bogies. This type of suspension is one of the oldest and simplest types of suspension used in trailers.

Heavy-duty low-bed trailers typically use this type of suspension. Rigid suspensions are also used for low-speed transportation. With rigid suspensions, the movement of one wheel depends on the movement of the other wheels.

Although most new lowbed trailers have wheels that move independently of each other, some manufacturers still build trailers with rigid suspensions.

For some manufacturers, reverting to rigid suspensions is the best option because they are inexpensive and easy to maintain. Rigid suspensions are easy to install and don't require much maintenance.

Rigid suspensions are strong and can hold a lot of weight. Therefore, heavy-duty low bed trucks can use them. The shock absorbers of rigid suspensions are strong enough to withstand large axle movements.

Rigid suspensions are associated with better wheel alignment and stability. Since the wheels always stick straight out of the road, the driver always has control of the trailer. Tires last longer because the wheels have a good grip on the road.

The biggest problem with these suspensions is the poor damping. The driver is also unable to change the ride height when the trailer is empty or fully loaded.

Single Point Suspension

Heavy-duty step beam suspension is another name for this type of suspension. Single-point suspensions can hold up to 100 tons of weight.

Because of this, these suspensions are a good choice if your company needs to transport large amounts of bulky cargo. Trailers that are used to carry large loads usually have this type of suspension. Single-point suspensions can handle a lot of weight and are also very good at dampening vibrations.

Single-point suspension keeps the trailer's components from vibrating too much. This prevents the parts from wearing out quickly and makes it more comfortable to drive on rough ground or roads with more bumps. The main problem with them is that they are expensive.

The type of suspension used in low bed trailers depends on how much weight they can carry. For example, most regular low bed trailers use mechanical suspensions. Heavy-duty trailers, on the other hand, require a suspension that can handle the weight of the cargo.

Ramps

Ramps are devices that move items on a low bed truck. How long the ramp is depends on how much stuff is on it. To move heavy cargo on a trailer, a longer ramp is needed.

When using a longer ramp, there is less of a slope, which makes it easier to move heavy loads. When picking a ramp, you should consider how heavy the cargo can be at most.

Mechanical ramps and hydraulic ramps are two common types of ramps.

Mechanical Ramps

Mechanical ramps are lifted to the proper height through the use of a manual mechanism or spring. These ramps are inexpensive, simple to operate, and easy to maintain.

However, they are difficult to use, especially when handling heavy loads.

Hydraulic Ramps

This type of ramp uses hydraulic cylinders instead of springs to lift. Using a hydraulic ramp is quick and easy.

Hydraulic ramps facilitate quick handling of heavy loads. Of course, hydraulic ramps are more expensive than mechanical ramps.

ABS

For safety reasons, close attention should be paid to the anti-lock braking system when purchasing and maintaining a trailer. lowbed trailers are primarily used for moving heavy loads.

Heavy trailers are more likely to cause car accidents than other vehicles on the road. Fatal accidents can occur if the wrong anti-lock braking system (ABS) is selected.

The most recognizable brand of ABS in the world remains Wabco, and the brand is successful because it is very safe. With ABS models, trailers can still move when the emergency brake is set.

ABS also shortens and improves stopping distances, making cars safer in emergencies.

When the car is traveling fast, the ABS sensor watches the wheels turn. On the other hand, when the wheels are not turning, the sensors tell the driver to lower the brake pressure. In this way, the wheels will stay in motion.

The controller will also keep the wheels suspended in a horizontal plane so that they don't slide to one side. As a result, the driver can take control of the car and make sure that it is traveling in the right way.

2.3 The Manufacturing Process

We don't manufacture low bed trailers, so why do we need to know about the manufacturing process? Should you base your decision on the trailer's component parts and inspect the final product?

Understanding the manufacturing process is very important because it can help you determine whether the trailer you buy is of good quality or not. Some small workshops cut corners and skip some important steps in the making process to save time. If you are familiar with the manufacturing process of a lowbed trailer, you will be able to confirm whether you can purchase it or not.

The main steps in the fabrication process are described below.

Cutting and Punching

A CNC cutting machine is used to cut steel plates such as webs, reinforcement plates, and the parts that go with them. This means that this machine can cut all the steel plates needed to make a complete low bed trailer.

Punching is important because it makes the trailer lighter and less stressed. On top of that, punching adds strength to the cross member, making it stronger.

Bending and Straightening

After cutting the steel plates, the next step is to bend them according to the drawings. Every step in the fabrication process starts with the finished drawing.

Therefore, it is important for fabricators to follow the dimensions and shapes determined on the drawings when bending the steering gear. The parts are held in place with jigs to ensure that they are straight and upright.

During this step, the accuracy of the plates is checked by measuring them to make sure they are the right size, straight and plumb.

Jointing and Welding

The main beams, cross members, spring supports, and floor are all parts of the trailer that need to be welded. Welding is a very important step in the fabrication process.

Welding must be done correctly so that the finished structure is strong enough to carry heavy loads. The main beam is called the I-beam and the welding begins with it, then the welding of the side beams begins.

When welding, the fabricator must make sure that the two or three main beams are straight across. The two points on the side of the plate must be completely welded so that the plate and the beams are strong enough.

A submerged arc welder is typically used to join the main beams. The welder also has to weld the beams, steel plates, attachments, and other parts together. Therefore, high-quality welding requires skilled welders.

The use of bolting is another method of putting the beams together. Since it is divided into modules, some countries prefer this method.

In addition, it is easier to replace beams with bolting than welding. Because bolting does not require welding, manufacturers do not have to worry about heat distortion. Compared to forging, bolting is a faster and easier way to join beams.

Repair Welding and Reinforcement

When beams and plates are all welded together, manufacturers must check that critical areas are secure. When heavy components are joined together, some of the joints may come loose.

Therefore, a thorough inspection is required before the trailer leaves the factory. Repairs, welding, and reinforcement are then carried out based on the results of the inspection.

Cleaning and Sandblasting

Cleaning and sandblasting is the final step in the process of making a low bed trailer. The purpose of this step is to ensure that all surfaces are smooth before painting.

This step is also necessary to spread out the stress concentrations in different parts of the trailer, as well as to allow the paint to adhere better.

Paint Spraying

After cleaning and sandblasting, the next step is painting. Only smooth surfaces look good when painted.

So if you see chunks of paint on the surface of your trailer, you know that the company that built it skipped or rushed through the smoothing process.

To prevent paint chipping, you should use quality paint. Low bed trailers are meant to carry heavy loads, so cheap paint is at risk of peeling off when the trailer is loaded with cargo.

Installing Other Components

Assembling all the other components of the trailer is the final step in the fabrication process. During the fabrication process, the larger components are made first, followed by the smaller ones.

At this point, the tires, electrical system, suspension, lights, anti-lock braking system, and wheels are put in place. The quality of these parts is very important because they affect the strength and utility of the low bed trailer.

If low-quality parts are used, you will have to pay high repair and maintenance costs. Keep in mind that some trailer parts are welded into place and are difficult to replace. To minimize maintenance costs, a good manufacturer will use quality parts.

After learning about the entire process of making a lowbed trailer, you can look at the individual parts of the trailer to see if the manufacturer skipped any steps.

You can also use what you have learned to find out what problems the trailer may be creating without the help of a mechanic. You can also figure out how much it will cost and how long it will take to repair the trailer. For example, if welded parts have worn out, you determine the cost and time to repair the trailer based on the information you learn.

2.4 How to Select a Quality Supplier

Picking a quality supplier is important because the quality of the low bed trailer will depend on the manufacturer. Thoughtful suppliers will take the time to inspect all parts of the trailer before selling it.

It is important to be careful when picking a supplier because some suppliers buy trucks from manufacturers and then sell them as their own.

You may buy a bad product without checking it because of the way the seller markets it. This article will help you pick the best company to buy low bed trailers from.

Consider the Cost

Price is one of the most important factors to consider when buying a low bed trailer. Make sure that you set a budget before buying. You now know the pros and cons of the different types of parts and how much they cost to maintain.

Parts that are of higher quality and last longer cost more compared to common parts. However, some sellers ask for exorbitant prices even for common parts.

Check prices for the same trailer at several different vendors before deciding to buy. Most suppliers now have online stores where you can check prices.

It is sometimes cheaper to buy from a manufacturer that makes heavy duty vehicles. By comparing prices, you can tell if the seller's product is reasonably priced.

Stick to High-quality

We've already said that price is a big deal when buying a low bed truck. But you should consider more than just the price of the trailer.

Understanding the different components and how they are manufactured will help you determine if the company makes a high-quality product. Some companies do a perfunctory job in the manufacturing process and then sell them for a lower price.

If you want to save money, don't skimp on the quality of your trailer. You may be able to get a simple, inexpensive trailer now, but you'll soon have to get a new one.

Plus, even if it's inexpensive at first, repairs and maintenance can be expensive. Therefore, be sure to find a good balance between price and quality. For your business, you need a trailer that won't break down often and will last for years.

Check the Certification of the Supplier

An important thing to do to determine if a supplier is trustworthy is to check their certifications. Before a supplier is given a certificate, certification boards and officials check the quality of the goods they sell.

Most vendors will advertise that they are certified. The next thing you need to do is to make sure that the seller has a good-quality certificate.

Many of the large certification organizations include ISO, ADR, DOT, CCC, BV, SGS, and others. They sell lowbed trailers and have licenses from these boards. Check to see if the certification is still valid. You can find out about a supplier's certification online.

Awards and Recognition

In most countries, top companies are recognized each year at an 'annual event' for the quality of their goods or services. Sometimes only the best companies receive awards.

In some places, the organizing committee makes a list of the best companies. When looking for suppliers, look most closely at companies that have been recognized as the best in their country and globally.

Check the committee that gives the company the award. If a company has won awards for making or supplying the best heavy-duty vehicles, you can be sure that the trailer you buy will last.

Take a Field Trip

In order to get you to buy their goods, vendors will talk to you in a very convincing manner. In fact, the salespeople they hire most of the time lie about video details.

Even if they know the quality of their product is not good, they will tell you that their product will work better or carry more weight. Don't believe everything you read or hear. Test the trailer or watch how the vendor's trailer works before you buy.

Anyone who works in construction or transportation and uses low bed trailers is welcome to show you around. Find out how they have used the trailer before.

People who have already purchased and used the product are a better source of information than the vendor. Make sure you also read the seller's reviews online. Some customers prefer to talk about their experiences online.

Comply with Industry Standards

There are rules and standards in every field to ensure that businesses provide quality products to their customers.

There are additional rules and standards that a business must follow before placing its goods on the market. These rules and standards are set by national and global organizations.

If a supplier follows industry standards, it means that they are following the quality standards of that business. In this case, the guidelines specify the maximum dimensions of the trailer.

Weight, height, and width should be allowed and the supplier should follow these standards. If the trailer has a lower bed, one should find out if there are any quality guidelines in the country where it is manufactured.

The right supplier should be prepared to comply with all rules, laws and regulations when manufacturing and distributing trailers.

Customized Trailers

Sometimes the type of low bed trailer will not meet your needs. You may not be able to transport the cargo you need because the deck is too short or too wide. You need a customized plan just for your business.

The best trailer manufacturers don't just make one type of low bed trailer. They will also modify the trailer to fit the needs of the customer. Nonetheless, customized trucks must not exceed the size allowed by state law.

Therefore, when checking out the trailers offered by the seller, ask about the possibility of getting a trailer customized just for you. The price of the customized model can help you decide which one to buy from the many models available in the market. The same high-quality standards should be applied by the company manufacturing the customized trailer.

We have told you the most important things to consider when picking a seller. You should learn as much as you can about the vendor before you buy something from them.

Before ordering a trailer, make sure you see someone who is using a similar trailer. Allowing enough time to find the best video is the best option. You need time to study the site and look at the parts.

You may not always have an engineer on your side to help you make your choice, but this guide provides all the information you need.

For a detailed guide on where to buy a low-bed semi-trailer? Get professional buying advice

Chapter 3: Quality Control for Low-Bed Trailers

What we learned in the last chapter is that you need to buy a quality lowbed trailer for your business. Purchasing this type of trailer will make everything run smoother and save you money on repairs. However, it's also important to make sure that the trailer is always running at its best.

However, this can only be done if you know how to drive a low bed trailer. As part of quality control, the performance of different components is checked. This chapter will talk about the most important components that need to be checked. Below we describe how to perform quality control.

Checking That the Surface Is Non-slip

The appearance of a trailer surface depends on how it is polished and sandblasted. To avoid trailer surface rust, always check the surface of your trailer before you buy it and when you keep it in good condition.

Make sure the trailer surface is rough to slow down the rusting process. If the surface is slippery, it will likely wear down and rust. The effectiveness of the sandblasting process depends on whether the surface is rough or smooth.

You can tell if the manufacturer is following the process as it should be by looking closely at the surface of the lowbed trailer.

Check the Fasteners

The main purpose of checking the screws is to make sure that all of them are tight. If the fasteners on the structure of the trailer are loose, it could be because they were not installed correctly or because the measurements are off.

Therefore, you need to figure out if the fasteners need to be tightened or replaced with the right size fasteners. The bolts must be tightened in order for the trailer to be strong and stable, especially when fully loaded.

Check the Welding

It is very difficult to weld all the cross members and steel plates together. Many experts skip this step. Therefore, you need to be careful when looking at the welded joints and parts.

The parts being welded together should all be smooth and identical. Because heat changes shapes, welding may leave some rough spots. Make sure that all parts are free of rough edges.

When inspecting welded parts, also look for cracks and holes leading into neighboring beams. If you are not careful during the welding process, the person who made something could damage the steel plate or crack it. These changes can reduce the strength of the beams.

You should also look for joints or parts that are not welded. The manufacturer may have skipped some seams during the fabrication process, which will limit the trailer's weight capacity.

The most important part of the fabrication process is the welding. The WPS (Welding Process Specification) is a strict regulation that ensures that trailers remain high quality. It describes each step of the welding process in-depth and documents the parts that are welded by different welders.

Checking the Cross Member

It's not enough to connect the cross members correctly. You need to make sure that all cross members are straight. Check that the top, center, and bottom plates of all main cross members are straight and plumb.

You may ask why it is important to check that the crossbeams are straight. If the cross members are not straight and in the right position, the stresses will be uneven.

If the plates aren't straight and the cross members aren't straight, they can easily crack or break. You may need some measuring tools when checking the crossmembers.

Inspecting the Axles

Inspecting the wheels is another important part of quality control. When inspecting the joints, you will need to see how parallel and perpendicular each joint is.

All axles should be aligned and have the same centerline. When checking the wheels, make sure the tires are in the correct position. Once the axles are in place, you can easily mount the tires and keep the trailer stable.

Testing the Load

The manufacturer of every trailer will tell you how much weight it can carry, but you can't rely on that alone. You need to inspect the trailer to see if it can carry the maximum weight the manufacturer says it can.

Check the process of putting the load on the trailer and make sure the ramps are working properly. If the trailer can carry the weight that the manufacturer says it can, then it should be easy to load and move large items with it.

Chapter 4: Low Bed Trailer Drawings

In the previous article, we learned about the different components of a low bed trailer and how to inspect them. Next, you will see how all the parts of a low bed trailer fit together.

This section has pictures of different types of low bed trailers, such as regular low bed trailers, low-loaders, and RGN trailers. This section will also show some photos of trailer sizes and sketches of different parts.

Low Bed Trailers

Standard low bed trailers are used in many countries because they are cheap and can hold a lot of weight. The picture below shows a regular lowbed trailer with four axles. The picture also shows how large some of the components are.

RGN Trailer

Below is a schematic drawing of an RGN trailer:

What size low bed truck you need depends on the type you choose. Manufacturers can build trailers of any length and width to suit the customer's needs.

However, there is a limit to the size that the manufacturer cannot exceed. Keep in mind that legal restrictions depend on state regulations. However, most manufacturers use the above-mentioned dimensions.

The right supplier of low bed trailers should comply with government regulations, which we have already talked about. When it comes to assembly, the manufacturer cannot exceed the legal width, height, and weight limits.

If you are ordering a customized low bed trailer, the company that manufactured it must adhere to the legally required dimensions.

Chapter 5: Low Bed Trailers from China

Are Trailers Made in China Low Quality?

The truth is that China does not have very strict rules about the quality of its goods. This is because the market is the way it is now. Manufacturers produce products for certain sectors.

The low end of the market is the target market for most stores that produce vehicles, even heavy-duty ones like low bed trailers. Many people know they can buy cheap from China, so there is a high demand for low-end products.

As a result, companies focus on this market to make money by producing less high-end goods.

Although there are no strict quality standards in China, this does not mean that all manufacturers produce poor-quality products. Some manufacturers even produce products for both the high-end and low-end markets.

Buyers pick the quality of goods based on how much money they have. Many people don't realize that Chinese companies produce OEM (original equipment manufacturer) products for large companies in developed countries.

Companies in South Korea, Australia, and Japan buy such equipment from Chinese companies.

The Future of China's Development

Starting in the near future, unique Chinese transportation equipment will be able to reach more people. Low bed trailers and modular trailers are some of them.

Chinese manufacturers are shifting from producing cheap goods to producing parts and machines for large global companies. Because of this, the world market will soon be flooded with good products from China.

China will no longer be known as a source of cheap goods; instead, it will be known as a top source of high-quality heavy-duty vehicles. Here are some of the factors that will lead to this change.

1. In China, the transportation industry is growing very rapidly. This means that the quality of vehicles in China will get better and better. Heavy-duty trailers and semi-trailers are two examples. To meet the expected growth in demand for heavy vehicles in China, more companies will enter this transportation sector.
2. Currently, some manufacturers are already producing heavy vehicles with good technical capabilities. China is also the birthplace of CIMC, one of the most famous types of straight trailers.
3. Over the years, automobile manufacturers in China have been trying to improve their final products. Currently, most factories are working on developing new technologies.
4. China has a huge market for heavy trucks, including markets in other countries. This market makes a lot of money for the manufacturers. The money earned is enough to increase production and make China a world leader in providing high-quality vehicles and components.
5. More and more Chinese OEMs are starting to work with companies outside of China. As a result, industrial technology is changing rapidly. In order to keep up with world standards, factories are adopting the latest technology in their production methods.

As China develops and new technologies emerge, the transportation business will continue to grow. Because of this, you shouldn't rule out Chinese suppliers if you're looking to buy a low bed trailer or other heavy-duty vehicle.

Soon, China will surpass some of the countries that have been making the best heavy-duty trucks. As mentioned earlier, some Chinese companies, already make and sell powerful and quality trailers.

Chapter 6: Considerations for Use

In the previous article we learned how to pick the best low bed trailer and seller. Before you buy, you can look at all the parts to see if the correct manufacturing steps were taken.

After purchasing a trailer, the next step is to learn how to use the trailer and keep it in good condition. All of the parts of the trailer and its longevity depend on how you use it.

Many companies will instruct you on how to maintain the components. Because of this, they only provide information on how to repair damaged parts. Next, let's learn how to properly use a low bed trailer.

How to Back a Low Bed Trailer

If you know how to drive a heavy-duty vehicle, then driving a trailer probably isn't that hard. If you want a low bed trailer, you probably already know how to drive a long vehicle.

If you haven't driven a trailer yet, you should take a driving course before trying to drive one. Trailers are different from regular cars when it comes to balance, control, and agility.

However, one of the hardest things to do when you're driving a low-bed trailer is to back into a certain position at a certain angle.

It's easy to back up in a yard or open space. However, sometimes you need to back up between cars without hitting them. Here are some safe ways to back up a low bed trailer:

Prepare to Back

The first thing you need to do is prepare to move the trailer into place. The windows should be rolled down so that you can see where the other vehicles are.

It is important to adjust the mirrors so that you can see the entire position. Use each mirror to check the position of the trailer and make a plan for how to back it up. If you still don't know how to back up properly, keep reading.

Get a Helper

Side and rearview mirrors may not allow you to see everything behind the trailer. Have someone else look at the trailer for you when you park to make sure it doesn't move.

The only difficulty with this plan is that the spotter will have to yell at you for instructions. Remember, low bed trailers are long.

Turning the Trailer

If you want the trailer to go left, turn the wheels to the right. If you want the trailer to go right, turn the wheels to the left.

Adjust yourself so that you can catch the spinning wheel and turn the wheel to see the front and back of the trailer. As you turn the wheel, look at the position of the vehicle in front of you.

Remember that the trailer is moving with the help of the bottom of the steering wheel. If necessary, turn the steering wheel to the corner you need to go around.

Backing Up to the Driver's Side

The driver's side is the best position for backing up a trailer. The controls on the passenger side are difficult to master. Pull the trailer into the designated position and turn right in the middle of the road.

Remember, right angles are the most common way to back a trailer. Turn the trailer sharply to the left until your left side is facing less than 180 degrees.

Backing Up

Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with both hands and turn the trailer around. Make sure you keep your eyes on the mirrors and adjust the steering wheel so that the trailer is facing in the right direction.

Back up slowly, no matter how much pressure someone puts on you. Slowly backing up makes it easier to control the trailer and avoid damage.

If Needed, Pull Forward and then Back Up Again

You won't be able to master the first few turns. It's hard for a novice to back up. If necessary, leave the trailer and check your progress.

You can keep moving the trailer back and forth until it stops in the right place. If there is a spotter on the scene, pay attention and follow his directions. If you listen to a lot of people, you will get lost.

Starting with a blank space is the best way to learn how to back a trailer. Do the long one first, then the small one. When you make a mistake, a long trailer is easier to remedy than a short one.

Once you know how to back up in the open, you'll be able to back up between other vehicles without damaging them.

6.2 How to Prevent Rapid Tire Wear

All parts of a trailer can cost a lot of money to fix if not used properly. Most trailer users report that tires wear out quickly.

Trucks with more than one axle are more problematic because their tires wear out faster than those of other trucks. As stated earlier, if you want to drive a multi-axle trailer, you must have an axle lift.

The rear tires on a multi-axle trailer wear out faster than the front tires. Rear tires are used more and wear out faster. Therefore, you will need to purchase the lift feature when you purchase the trailer.

If you get new tires every other week, then you should check the alignment of the trailer wheels for proper alignment.

Unaligned wheels are one of the main reasons why tires wear out fast. You can use a straightedge, tape measure, or anything else that is straight to make sure the wheels are aligned.

Place a straightedge on each tire to see if there are any bulges. When using a straightedge or something else that is straight, check the gap between the bumps. If there is a large gap, these tires can cause the trailer to slide on the road.

As a result of slipping, the trailer generates heat as it travels. When the tires slip, the friction increases, which causes the tires to wear out quickly. For this reason, axle balancing should always be checked before loading a trailer for a long trip.

As we'll talk about later, this should be part of regular maintenance. However, you will also need to lift the tires and make sure the axle is straight before the next maintenance date.

6.3 Never Overweight

Low bed trailers are used to carry heavy tools and machinery. The beams have the potential to hold the weight of such loads. However, each type of trailer has its maximum load weight.

Before you buy it, the trailer manufacturer will tell you the weight it can handle. Do not exceed this limit or you may break the crossmember. Once a crossmember breaks, it will cost a lot of money to replace it.

Remember that welding is part of manufacturing the item, as we learned earlier. Once a cross member is welded in place, it can be difficult to remove it.

If a worker is not careful, he or she may damage the cross member next to it. To avoid damage and hard work, don't load more than the trailer's recommended carrying capacity.

If you follow the manufacturer's recommendations for the trailer's load capacity, the trailer will last longer and work better.

Chapter 7: How to Maintain the Different Parts of Your Trailer

Many people who own trailers pay drivers and mechanics to maintain their trailers. If you don't know how to do it yourself, you can hire a professional to maintain your trailer. However, this is not a good idea for a low bed trailer. You don't always have an expert on hand to check on the trailer when it starts to break down. You may have to drive the trailer when it is parked in the middle of the road.

Without knowing how to keep the different parts in good condition, you won't be able to figure out why the trailer broke down. Mechanics may also cut corners when the trailer is regularly serviced. They may not repair worn-out parts or replace them with cheaper parts. You should not only call an engineer or experienced mechanic, but you should also inspect the trailer yourself.

In Chapter 2, we learned how to inspect the parts of a low-bed trailer before you buy it. Because the parts wear out as you use the trailer, the parts won't stay in perfect condition. However, you can minimize wear and tear by maintaining each part according to the manufacturer's requirements. In this chapter, you will learn how to maintain some of the most important parts.

Maintaining Tires

When maintaining your tires, inflation is the most important thing to check. Carefully and regularly check the tires on your low bed trailer. Purchase a pressure gauge that you can trust to give you an accurate reading of the inflation level.

Check the inflation after the tires have cooled down. At the heaviest load a low bed trailer can carry, the tires can be inflated to the maximum atmospheric pressure limit. However, this limit should not be exceeded no matter how heavy the load is.

Use valve stem caps to maintain air tightness at all times. Valve caps also help keep dust and moisture out. Even if a tire is properly inflated, its sides may bulge.

Bulging is caused by low tire pressure, which is the worst-case scenario for trailer tires. After checking and inflating your tires, check the pressure again within 48 hours. To avoid crashes, don't forget to inflate your tires in a safe cage.

Due to the increased temperature, the tire pressure will rise when using the tires. It is possible for the pressure to rise as high as 10 or 15 psi. such a high pressure means that the tire is underinflated, overinflated, or the wrong size.

High pressure also indicates that you are driving too fast. When several of these conditions occur at the same time, it can cause inflation to exceed healthy levels.

Always make sure that all drive lines have the right size tires and that the load remains within the specified limits. Don't drive too fast, especially if the trailer is fully loaded.

Make sure the axles are aligned in place. If the wheels are not properly aligned, it can make the road rougher. Because of this, tires wear out faster and more severely.

You know the reasons why tires are under or over-inflated. Make sure you fix the problem before you travel. Don't rely on past inflation records.

Air pressure should be checked with a good gauge before each transport or at least once a week. When checking your tires, don't forget to look for cracked, warped, and rusted rims.

In other words, if the rims are bent or cracked, don't weld them. Instead, repair the rims the way the manufacturer tells you to. If you weld a broken rim, you may cause more damage to the tire and wheel.

Screws and bolts

The nuts and bolts on your wheels were tight when you purchased them. However, after a few heavy-duty trips, the bolts and nuts loosen. An expert may have chosen the wrong size of fasteners, causing them to look loose.

Therefore, when replacing nuts or bolts, make sure each part is the correct size. Check the bolts often, especially after a long haul. A fully loaded trailer is not as solid and sturdy if the fasteners are loose.

If any screws are broken or missing, they should be replaced and the recommended torque values for each should be maintained. The correct torque values for each type of bolt and nut can be found in the manufacturer's manual.

Before tightening any loose pivot bolts, make sure the bearings are properly aligned and also check the bolts.

Landing Legs

The landing legs support the trailer when it is not attached to the truck. Usually, the legs are welded in place when the trailer is assembled.

Check the legs for cracks or breaks, paying particular attention to the parts that are welded together. If there are cracks, they will need to be repaired by welding and reinforcement. If any of the welds on the landing gear are bent, it won't be able to support the weight.

Brakes

Checking the braking system is very important because it can save your life. If the trailer is heavy and the braking system is not good, then driving the trailer can be very dangerous. Air pressure is the most important part of the braking system to check.

Check the brakes to make sure there are no air leaks and also look for worn or misaligned pivot pins. Since the holes in the pivot pins on the brake shoes wear out quickly, they need to be checked frequently.

The shoe reset springs should be replaced during general maintenance of the braking system. If the trailer has drum brakes, the drums should be inspected for cracks or damage.

Brake pads are another important component to check. Check that the brake bags are filled with oil or grease and are not torn. Make sure the nuts on the pads are not loose.

If the brake pads are full of lubricant, they should be replaced with new ones. You cannot fix the problem by cleaning the lubricant. You should check your brakes as often as possible for safe driving.

If there is a problem with the braking system while the trailer is being driven, the system needs to be checked immediately. Then fix the problem for it. You should not drive a lowbed trailer until the braking problem is fixed.

Conclusion

Low bed trailers are used to carry the biggest and heaviest things. Low bed trailers are most commonly used to transport heavy vehicles, rail cars, construction beams, windmill parts, and other heavy equipment. The great thing about lowbed trailers is that they are very stable, safe, flexible, and can carry tall items.

Different types of trailers come in different sizes, numbers of beams, and axles. Before purchasing a low bed trailer, you should consider the weight and volume of your cargo, as well as the price, maintenance costs, future needs of your business, and how you will load the trailer. The most important parts to check when buying a trailer are the ramps, materials, tires, landing feet, wheels, roof, braking system, and anti-lock braking system.

Low bed trailers come with different kinds of suspension systems such as mechanical, air, single point and rigid. Different suspension systems can handle different loads and work in different ways. To choose the right type of low bed trailer, buyers should understand how they are manufactured. Steel plates are cut and punched, bent and straightened, welded, repaired, and reinforced. These are the main steps in the fabrication process. Cleaning, polishing, sanding, painting, and assembling all the necessary parts are the final steps.

The best place to buy a low bed trailer should be fairly priced, of high quality, and comply with all state regulations. Also consider the supplier's licenses, awards, and ability to manufacture unique lowbed trailers. Cross members, axles, fasteners, and surface and weld inspections are the most important parts of the quality control process. When China is mentioned, most people think of cheap goods. However, if you follow this guide, you should be able to find trustworthy sellers and buy good lowbed trailers from China.

Have you ever seen a trailer carrying 150 tons or more? How would you transport huge machinery, an excavator, or a crane from one location to another?

Would you like to know more about a trailer that can transport such heavy loads? Have you heard of a lowbed trailer (lowboy trailer) and its capacity to transport up to 150 tons?

In this guide, you will learn everything about a low bed trailer. We will show how you can choose the best low bed trailer / lowbed trailer for your business. You can follow this guide and purchase a cost-effective lowboy/low bed trailer from China.

Lowbed trailers have different capacities, such as 20 T/tons, 30 T/tons, 50 T/tons, 70 T/tons, 80 T/tons and 100 T/tons, 120 T/tons, 150 T/tons. Each type use different number of axles from 2, 3, 4 axles to 7, 8 axles.

This guide has a detailed discussion on the structure of a low bed trailer / lowbed trailer, its components, and quality control process. We discuss different types of low bed trailers and the advantages of each type.

You will also learn the manufacturing process of the heavy transporters.

Low bed trailers are used in different industries including heavy-cargo transportation and trucking among others. The trailers are referred to as lowboys in some countries. Others consider the hydraulic axles modular trailer as a low bed trailer. This guide focuses on low bed trailers without hydraulic suspension.

If you have just joined the logistics industries, you will benefit from this handbook. We will give you all the information on how the low loaders technology works.

A low bed trailer is a heavy-duty vehicle that is to transport heavy, wide, and tall cargo. In this chapter, you will learn:

• The history of low bed trailers
• Applications and advantages of low bed trailers
• Different types of low bed trailers with detailed pictures for each type
• Different structures of low bed trailers with pictures of all the components
• Load capacity calculation

This chapter has all the basic information about the heavy-duty trailers. Here are some pictures of different types of low bed trailers.

The first low bed trailer was manufactured in the s. This first model had a riveted gooseneck that would be attached to a truck from the front part of the trailer.

The model had solid rubber tires on the rear part. It could only be loaded from the rear part. The design limited the method of loading heavy cargo. Operable equipment would be driven onto the deck of the trailer over the rubber back tires.

A better model of low boy trailers was introduced in the s. The loading capacity of the improved model was higher and loading heavy equipment on the deck was easier.

The trailers with a detachable gooseneck were introduced in . The design made loading the deck even easier. The first model could only be loaded from the back because of the riveted gooseneck.

The new models introduced in the s could be loaded front the front.

The detachable gooseneck trailers back then operated in the same way as the current models of RGN trailers. The design eliminated the need for loading ramps in low boy trailers.

Low bed trailers have evolved over the year to include hydraulic systems. A hydraulic ram is used in modern trailers to lift the trailer to meet the unit after loading.

Modern models of low bed trailers have air breaks, which were missing in old models. The lowboy can be towed by trucks.

• Applications

Low bed trailers are used to transport heavy cargo is different industries. Here are most common uses of the heavy-duty trailers.

Heavy vehicles: Vehicle manufactures use low bed trailers to transport heavy vehicles from one showroom to another. The transporters are used to move the vehicles from the port to showrooms and sometimes to clients.

Some of the heavy vehicles that low bed trailers transport include buses, tractors, and special vehicles. A low bed trailers can transport stacks of small vehicles at the same time.

Rail vehicles: There are different categories of rail vehicles including road-rail vehicles, goods wagon, locomotives, and rail motor coach among others.

The common characteristic of these vehicles is that they are heavy and bulky. Low bed trailers are among the best ways to transport rail vehicles.

Mining machinery: Mining requires heavy machinery for drilling and transporting materials including crude oil and minerals. The machinery is assembled offsite and then transported to the mining sites using low bed trailers.

The heavy haulers are preferred because the structure of mining machinery. Mining equipment is perhaps the heaviest cargo that machinery manufacturers transport on the road.

Forestry machinery: The forestry industry uses heavy machinery as well. Heavy equipment is required to cut down and transport logs. Sometimes the logs are processed into timber and other by-products at the site before transporting the products.

The machinery is manufactured assembly halls or imported before it is transported to the forest. Low bed trailers are used to move the forestry machinery from the assembly to the forests.

The wheels of the trailers can navigate the rough terrain in forests. Low bed trailers are also used to move forestry machinery from one forest to another or back to assembly halls after a project is completed.

Agricultural machinery: Agriculture is another field that uses heavy machinery. The machinery is mostly used for large-scale farming. Such large farms are located far from towns and cities.

For more Bespoke Cranesinformation, please contact us. We will provide professional answers.

The major agricultural machinery that low bed trailers transport includes loaders, excavators, bulldozers, cranes, and pavers. The heavy trailers can navigate muddy agricultural farms and move machinery from one farm to another.

Construction: Low bed trailers are used in the construction industry as well. The heavy duty vehicles are commonly used in the construction of roads and bridges.

Some construction equipment and blocks cannot be transported with the normal semi-trailers. Low bed trailers are used to transport concrete blocks to the construction sites.

The blocks are not only heavy but also large. Constructors use the trailers to transports materials in bulk such as cement and beams

Windmill components: The components of windmills are usually assembly in a factory and then transported to their sites. Similar to other heavy cargo, the components are wide and heavy.

The components cannot fit on a closed trailer because of their design and structure. Lowboy trailers are efficient way of transport these components to their site.

Low bed trailers are not only used to transport machinery and vehicle but all categories of heavy loads. For instance, finished products from these industries are packed in containers and stacked on lowboys for transportation.

The transporters can move stacks of heavy containers without toppling over. Hence, many manufacturers prefer to transported finished products to retailers with low bed trailers.

• Advantages of Low Bed Trailers

Low bed trailers are widely used in different sectors because of their advantages over other heavy transporters. The main advantages are outlined below.

• Stability

The deck of the lowboys is extremely compared to other heavy haulers. A low-lying deck means that the center of gravity is low. Hence, low bed trainers are more stable when transporting heavy cargo than trailers.

One of the ways of increasing stability is widening the base of support. This is possible with low bed trailers because the cargo plane width can be widened. The trailers remain stable on the road irrespective of the height and weight of the cargo.

• Safety

Low bed trailers are specifically designed to carry heavy loads. The trailers are made of high-strength materials that can withstand pressure of up to 700mpa.

In addition, the height of the main beams can be as high as 550mm. Hence, manufacturers are assured of the safety of their equipment and products during the transportation process. Below is a picture of the heavy beams that are used to make low bed trailers:

A full discussion of all components and materials used to make low bed trailers follows in Chapter 2.2.1.

• Complying with Height Restrictions

Some countries have laws that restrict the height of cargo that can be transported on the road.

Low bed trailers offer companies a solution to transport extra tall equipment safely without breaking the laws.

Loading tall equipment on a trailer is often a huge challenge to transport companies.

Some types of low bed trailers allow the user to lower the rear part, which makes loading heavy cargo easier and safer.

More details about different types of low bed trailers including the detachable trailers are outlined in the next section.

• Versatility

One reason why many companies buy low bed trailers is that they are versatile. The trailers can heavy loads and over-width cargo. In most cases, heavy machinery and equipment are extra wide.

The structure of low bed trailers enable companies to transport such wide cargo easily. Remember that trailers can handle extra tall cargo as well.

A company that handles different types of cargo does not need to buy different trailers for each category. A low bed trailer can transport any type of goods as long as the goods are packaged appropriately.

All that transporters worry about after buying a low bed trailer is how to maintain it in good condition.

Learn More:

What is an RGN Trailer? How Is It Different from a Low Bed Trailer?

• Ordinary Low Bed Trailer

An ordinary low bed trailer has a flat plate type, that is, the cargo plate is a flatbed. The trailer has only one drop, which is after the goose-neck as shown in the picture below.

The trailer is used to transport normal heavy cargo. It cannot transport cargo with a high height as other trailers. This type of trailer has a higher working platform than other low bed trailers because of the flat plate type.

The position of the working platform explains its limitations in transporting cargo with a high height.

A standard two-axle low bed trailers can transport up to 40,000 pounds. However, it is possible to increase the load capacity by increasing the number of axles.

The load capacity will also depend on the model. Some factories produce standard low bed trailers with additional axles depending on the customer's needs. You can request for a customized standard trailer depending on the type of cargo.

Advantages

One of the benefits of using the ordinary low bed trailer is that it is cost-effective. The trailer is cheaper than other heavy-duty trailers.

Another advantage is that the cargo platform is longer. The second half of the ordinary low bed trailers can be used as a cargo platform. The picture below shows this second part that extends the cargo platform.

• Low Loader Trailer

This type of a trailer is also referred to as a double drop deck trailer. The main characteristic of the trailer is that it has a lower cargo platform.

Its cargo platform is positioned lower than the rear half of the trailer. The structure of the cargo platform is call a staircase structure or a concave beam.

Advantages

The main advantage of the low loader trailer is high stability. The staircase structure lowers the height of the cargo center, which increases stability during transportation.

The trailer is commonly used to move heavy equipment and cargo with a high height. It is best suited in countries that have strict height restrictions. Below is are pictures of a double drop deck trailer.

• Removable Gooseneck Trailers (RGN Trailers) and Folding Gooseneck Trailers

RGN trailers have the same staircase structure at the real part as the low loader trailers. The major difference in these trailers is that the gooseneck can be removed.

RGN trailers are used for transporting heavy equipment and machinery. When using an ordinary low bed trailer, the heavy cargo is loaded from the rear part. However, the cargo is loaded from the front part when using a RGN trailer.

Loading heavy cargo from the front is possible because the gooseneck is removable. Folding gooseneck trailers offer the same convenience of loading cargo from the front.

The difference with RGN trailers is in the movement of the gooseneck. Both RGN and folding gooseneck trailers do not have rear ladders as other trailers.

There are two major types of detachable gooseneck trailers. The first type is the hydraulic RGN trailer. It is the easiest and fastest to detach compared to other types of detachable gooseneck trailers.

The hydraulic RGN is versatile and the most common type of low boy trailers. The trailer uses hydraulic cylinders to detach the gooseneck. The cylinder lower and raise the trailer as required when loading cargo.

The hydraulic RGN trailer has a small cylinder that attaches the gooseneck to the truck. Heavy cargo can be driven from the front part to the deck of the trailer when the gooseneck is detached.

Hydraulic RGN trailers can be operated from the truck auxilliary. An alternative way is to run from a pony motor that can be mounted in the gooseneck of the RGN trailer. The shortcoming of hydraulics is that they are heavy and have a shorter deck length.

The second type of RGN trailers is the mechanical detachable goosneck trailer. Raising and lowering the trailer in this type is harder and slower compared to the hydraulics.

The main advantage of mechanical RGN trailers is that they are lighter and cheaper. In addition, they have a longer decking that makes them suitable for long and heavy cargo.

Many of the folding gooseneck trailers are mechanical. In the case of folding gooseneck trailers, the deck folds down to the ground. Hydraulic detachable goosenecks have more maintenance needs than mechanical detachabel goosenecks.

The hydraulic system increase the maintenance needs and costs. The ease and speed of loading cargo come at an additional cost of maintain the hydraulic system.

Advantages

Why should you choose a removable or folding goose-neck trailer instead of other low bed trailers?

One benefit is that loading heavy from the front is safer than loading from the rear part or from the sides.

Loading from the back is unsafe especially when moving heavy equipment.

The rear part has a staircase structure. Hence, a long ladder is required to load heavy equipment.

The heavy cargo may fall off the ladder or from the rear part to the cargo platform.

Such falls will damage the equipment or cargo even before they are transported.

Read More:

Detachable Gooseneck Trailer.pdf

Folding Gooseneck Trailer.pdf

There are different types of low bed trailers as outlined above. However, low bed trailers have different structures as well. Hence, you may find the same type of trailers with different structures. There are four main structures of low bed trailers.

First, The differentiating factor in this structure is the number of main beams. The trailer may have 2 or 3 beams depending on the load capacity. 3 beams may be used to enhance the safety of the cargo. Below is an illustration of a 3-beam trailer:

Second, Most low bed trailers have an iron plate, which is strong and durable. However, some countries prefer to use wooden boards instead of iron plate.

The main reason for using a wooden board is to reduce the total weight of the trailer. Here is an example of a low bed trailer with a wood board.

Third, Sometimes the cargo that needs to be transported requires the dimensions of the low bed trailers to be adjusted. The cargo may be wide or long.

This structure is different from others in that the trailer's board can be widened to carry a wide cargo. Trailers with this structure have a widening device on the side as shown in the picture below:

Fourth, The tires of a low bed trailer can either be exposed or unexposed. The main purpose of exposing the tires is to reduce the height of the trailer.

The practice is common in countries with strict height restrictions. Unexposed tires are common in countries with no height limitations. Here is a picture of a trailer with unexposed tires:

Here is an example of a low bed trailer with exposed tires:

The best way to purchase a low bed trailer is to consult an engineer. The professional help of an engineer will guide you in determining the load capacity of the trailer.

Your first consideration when buying a low bed trailer is the maximum weight that you intend to transfer with the trailer. The right trailer should have the capacity to transport that weight.

However, you will not always get quick feedback from an engineer. Here is the method to use to calculate the load capacity without an engineer:

Maximum load capacity = number of axles x each axle's load capacity + the load capacity of the towing truck

This formula enables you to estimate the maximum weight you can transfer using any trailer. However, you need another formula the right axle capacity.

Axles have different load capacities. The most common axles are 13t, 26t, and 30t or heavy load model. Here is the formula for choosing axles.

Total weight = empty weight (vehicle weight) + cargo weight = 2 x number of axles x each axle's load capacity

The assumption in this formula is that the total axle's load capacity is approximately equal to the load capacity of the towing truck. With this formula, you can choose the right axle type without an engineer.

China has many excellent manufacturer of heavy-duty vehicles including low bed trailers. This chapter provides a buying guide to help you buy the right low bed trailer for your business. The aspects of the purchasing process covered in this chapter include:

• How to choose a suitable model
• How to choose components
• The complete manufacturing processes
• How to choose a company

Let us now focus on each of these aspects in detail. By the end of the chapter, you will have all the information you need to buy a cost-effective trailer from China.

The ordinary low bed trailers, RGN trailers, and low loaders have their advantages and disadvantages. Then right model for your business will depend on the type of cargo that you want to transport.

Choosing the right low boy trailer is important because of the safety of your goods. You want your goods to arrive to their destination in a good condition at all times. Any accidents and damages on the road will lead to huge losses.

Since lowboy trailers carry heavy and expensive cargo, any damages will have a huge effect on your business profits. If you are operating a freight company, accidents and damages will ruin the reputation of your business.

Another disadvantage of choosing the wrong model of low bed trailer is downtime. You will always disappoint your clients because of occasional downtime if you choose a trailer to low quality components.

Here are major considerations you should make to choose the right model.

Price: Always start the purchases process with a budget in mind. The prices of low bed trailers vary with their load capacities and performance.

The ordinary low bed trailers have a higher cost performance for transporting heavy goods than trailers. The best model should fit your budget.

If you are looking for a trailer to transport heavy cargo at the least cost possible, the ordinary low bed trailers are your best choice.

Cargo dimension: It is important to consider the dimensions of your cargo when choosing a trailer model. Consider the width and height, especially if your country has height limitations for transportation vehicles.

If the height of your cargo is too high, choose a low loader, an RGN trailer, or a folding gooseneck trailers. The models allow you to lower the rear part and reduce the total height of the cargo.

Cargo weight: The right model will depend on the maximum weight of your cargo. If you intend to transport more than 70 tons, consider buying low loaders, RGN trailers, and folding gooseneck trailers.

The three models have a high load capacity to transport heavy cargo. In addition, the lower deck ensures that the heavy cargo remains stable during transportation.

When you lower the rear part to load the cargo, you lower the center of the cargo or the center of gravity. Lowering the center of a heavy load increases its stability.

Loading process: Loading heavy cargo on trailers is often a challenge to many businesses. However, the process can be easier if you choose the right model. It is cumbersome to load heavy and bulky on trailers with no drop deck.

You do not just need a staircase structure to reduce the height of the cargo but also to make loading easy. Trailers have different loading processes.

While RGN and low loaders are good for loading heavy cargo, an ordinary trailer may be the best if you have lifting equipment. Most low bed trailers are loaded either from the front or from behind.

However, you will find some models in the market that allow you to place the trailer under the cargo load and then lift it. This method is convenient and reduces the risk of damaging the goods while loading.

Maintenance costs: The buying price is not the only cost you will incur on your trailer. You have to service the trailer regularly to maintain its optimal performance. Some factories make the best trailers but use expensive parts.

You will learn about maintain different parts in chapter 7. However, you need to consider the cost of keeping the trailer running at all times. If you choose a cheap trailer, you may incur a higher cost in replacing worn out parts.

Sometimes expensive trailers have lower maintenance costs because the components are of high quality. You can research on the maintenance requirements from the manufacturer's recommendation.

At the end of the day, you should get a cost-effective trailer that can handle your type of cargo. Balance the cost with the performance or loading capacity of the trailer.

Future business needs: You are likely to buy a trailer based on type of cargo that your business has been transporting. However, you must consider the possible that the type of cargo may change in the future.

If you just started a freight company, the initial cargo may be within the standard weight, width, and height. As you grow your business, the cargo may get heavier, bulkier, and wider.

The best approach is to buy a versatile trailer that can handle current and future needs of your business. For instance, a standard trailer can transport your current cargo but you will need a low loader or an RGN trailer in the future.

It is cheaper and better to buy an RGN trailer that can last for several years. You will not need to replace the trailer when the business grows.

After choosing the right model for your cargo type, you need to consider each component of the trailer. Remember that you will not always have an engineer to help you inspect the capacity of the components. In this chapter, you will learn how to choose different components including:

• Material
• Main beam
• Landing leg
• Kingpin
• Tires
• Axles and brake
• Suspension
• Ramp
• ABS

• Material

You need a low bed trailer for heavy-duty transportation. Hence, the right materials should be high-strength steel. The most common types of steel used in the main structure of low bed trailers include Q345, Q550, and Q690.

Aluminum is also used in the main structure in some countries. Here is a discussion of the different types of materials.

Q345 (ASMT Grade 50), Low Alloy Steel: In this discussion, Q represents the material yield strength. Hence, this type of material has yield strength of 345 MPa.

The specifications of the low alloy steel are C'0.20'Mn'1.7'Si'0.55'P'0.035'S'0.035'V 0.02~0.15. One of the advantages of choosing this material is that is it economic or cost-effective.

Other advantages include a high cutting and welding performance. The material is widely used in buildings, pressure vessels, vehicles, bridges, and ships.

Q550 (ASTM Type8 Grade 80), Q690 (ASTM 100 [690] Type Q: The two materials are quenched and tempered high tensile strength plates. They have yield strength of 550 Mpa and 690 Mpa respectively.

The materials are widely used in coalmine machinery and engineering machinery such as port cranes, hydraulic support, and shipyard transporters. Below is a table of material:

Material Components

Material Strength

Aluminium: Some countries use aluminum instead of steel for the main structure. Aluminum has lower yield strength than steel and is more expensive. However, its cutting performance is very good.

Aluminum is lighter than steel and hence the trailers made of aluminum are very light. The light weight is not suitable for transporting very heavy loads.Aluminum trailers are recommended for tranporting cargo below 50 tons.

Advantages of aluminum include anti-corrosion properties and high prevention of rust. Its disadvantages include low wear resistance and low hardness or strength. Here is a picture of an aluminum trailer:

• Main Beam

The most common type of main beam in low bed trailers is the I-beam. I-beams consist of an upper plate, a vertical plate, and a lower plate. The vertical plate in most cases requires to be punched.

The vertical plate can reduce the weight of the trailer and increase the strength of the main beam. Most low bed trailers have 2 main beams. However, 3 beams are used for heavier transportation to improve the safety of the cargo.

A trailer with 3 beams is safer but heavier and more expensive than other trailers. Hence, you need to choose the right number of beams depending on your cargo type.

The main beams should have high yield strength to support a trailer. Hence, the ideal materials for main beams include Q345, Q550, and Q690 steel. Other beams can use materials of Q235 steel.

Cross beams and side beams are usually welded on the main beam as shown in the picture below:

• Landing Gear

The landing leg is used to support the trailer when it is disconnected from the truck. The most important consideration when choosing the landing leg is the loading capacity.

The landing leg can carry half of the total weight of the trailer. The main models of landing legs include individual operation and linkage.

The landing leg has a gear case for changing the speed of lowering or raising the trailer. Here is an important point to note when operating the landing leg.

Do not use the Quick Mode when the trailer is carrying a heavy load. Always ensure that the landing ground is horizontal. Below is a picture is of a disconnected trailer and the supporting landing leg.

• King Pin

The kingpin is made of chromium alloy. There are two types of kingpins. The first type is 50mm (2') while the second type is 90mm (3.4'). The kingpin is the hardest part of a trailer because it can bear the greatest force or pressure.

The kingpin is installed in two ways, which include welding and a bolted connection. Welding is the safety method of installation.

It is hard to separate the kingpin after welding and hence it remains in place during transportation. The main disadvantage of welding is that replacing the kingpin with a new one is troublesome. Here is a picture of a kingpin:

• Tires

Low bed trailers use two major types of tires. The types include tube tires and tubeless tires. Which type of tires should you choose for your trailer? Let us look at the advantages and disadvantages of tubeless tires to help you make this decision.

Advantages of tubeless tires

1. Tubeless tires have high security on the road compared to tube tires. It is tubeless tires is pierced, the pressurized air leaks slowly. A tube tire, on the other hand, may blow out immediately after it is pierced.
2. The heat dissipation in tubeless tires is good. Hence, the tires have a long service life compared to tube tires.
3. Tubeless tires reduce the weight of the trailer and lower the fuel consumption rate. Hence, choosing trailers with tubeless tires will help you save on fuel costs.
4. The tires can be used for long distance transportation because their wear resistance is good.

Disadvantages of tubeless tires

Tubeless tires are unpressurized and hence they are unsuitable for heavy loads.

1. The tires cannot support an overloaded trailer because of the low pressure.
2. Reparation is cumbersome and its cost is high
3. The stability of the tires is poor on rough terrains

The table below outlines the specifications of the common types of tires for low bed trailers:

SpecificationLayerRim8.25R/12/146.59.00R/12/147.010.00R/14/167.511.00R/14/168.011.00R22.510/14/168.25/22.512.00R/16/188.512.00R22.512/14/169.0/22.5

• Axles and Brakes

Axles

Axles have different load capacities including 9T, 12T, 13T, and 16T among others. You can choose the most suitable axles for your low bed trailer based on their capacity.

Chapter 1.4 provides a complete guide on how to calculate the load capacity of axles and choose the right axles.

Axles have a self-steering model that uses a hydraulic / air system. The self-steering system is commonly used in multi-axles trailers to prevent tire wear.

The rear tires in multi-axles trailer wear out fast. Most of the tires in trailers do not have the steering function.

Brakes

Brakes are installed in the axles. Trailers use either a drum brake or a disc brake. Each model is discussed in detail below:

Drum brake: A drum brake as the name suggests is in the shape of a round drum with a set of shoes inside. The brake pad is pressed inside the brake drum to slow down the wheels.

A drum brake is cheap but its heat dissipation is poor. Repair and maintenance of drum brakes is also cost-effective. This type of brakes is commonly used in the low-speed and heavy-duty trailers.

The drum brake achieves brake fade faster than a disc brake on steep hills or at high speeds. Its level of efficiency is low compare to a disc brake.

Hence, the drum brake is mostly used for trailers and vehicles that drive at low speed. Here is an example of a drum brake:

Disc brake: This type of brake consists of a disc-shaped metal rotor that spins within a wheel. When a driver applies pressure on the brake pedal, a caliber presses the brakes pads against the disc.

This causes the wheels to slow down and the vehicle to stop when continuous pressure is applied. A disc brake is expensive compared to a drum brake.

Inspecting a disc brake for mechanical problems is easy because of its location outside the wheel. The brake pad requires regular replacement, which increases the maintenance costs.

However, the heat dissipation of a disc brake is good and the brake response is fast. Here is a picture of a disc brake:

• Suspensions

You can choose from four different types of suspensions for your trailer. The characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of each type of suspension are outlined below:

Mechanical suspensions

This type of suspensions is also referred to as multi-leaf suspensions. Mechanical suspensions consist of a series of reaction arms that keep the axles horizontal at all times.

The axles remain in the right position even in times of extreme motion. Hence, the suspensions are highly stable and hence prevent tumbling when transporting heavy loads.

The load distribution in low bed trailer with mechanical suspensions remains constant even when brakes are applied. Mechanical suspensions are suitable for heavy-duty trailers.

The suspensions are cheap and reliable. They are also easy to maintain and have a high load capacity. The suspensions can handle heavy loads on rough terrains.

Hence, if you are working with a limited budget for buying and maintaining your trailer, mechanical suspensions are a good choice. The maintenance costs of mechanical suspensions are low compared to other types of suspensions.

Most models require minimal or no lubrication. Here is an image of mechanical suspensions:

The most common models of mechanical suspensions have a spring mechanism. The mechanism reduces the vibrations that are sent to different components of a trailer during movement.

The effect of reducing vibration is that the components have a longer life because the rate of wear and tear is reduced.

Air suspensions

The main benefit of air suspensions over other suspensions is that they are light. In addition, air suspensions offer good stability. Drivers prefer air suspensions when carrying heavy loads because they are flexible.

The stiffness of the spring adjusts to the weight of the cargo on the trailer. Hence, drivers can enjoy a comfortable and better ride with air suspensions.

Air suspensions are associated with a longer tire life and better fuel economy. The suspensions reduce the vibrations to different components, which leads to less wear and tear.

Some models of air suspensions lift the axles in a trailer that are not in use. The suspensions allow the driver to adjust the height of the ride depending on the weight of the cargo and the terrain.

The driver can also adjust the height of the vehicle when empty. Keeping the height low when the trailer is fully loaded enables the driver to maintain stability of the trailer.

The low height also improve steering and vehicle control. Air suspensions can handle different terrains.

The main shortcoming is that air suspensions are expensive. Hence, the price of trailers with air suspensions is higher than the price of other trailers. The picture below shows an example of an air suspension:

Rigid suspensions

Rigid suspensions are sometimes referred to as double oscillation bogies because of their structure. They are among the oldest and simplest types of suspensions used in trailers.

This type of suspension is mostly used in heavy-duty low bed trailers. Rigid suspensions are also suitable for low speed transportation. With rigid suspensions, the movement of one wheel depends on the movement of other wheels.

Most modern models of trailers use independent wheels but some manufacturers are still using rigid suspensions.

Some of the reasons why some manufacturers choose to go back to the rigid suspensions are that they are cost-effective and easy to maintain. The suspensions have low maintenance needs and are simple to install.

Rigid suspensions are robust and have a high load capacity. Hence, they can be use in heavy-duty low bed trailers. The suspensions can easily handle large axle movements.

Rigid axle beams are associated with improve stability and wheel alignment. The driver maintains control of the trailer because the wheels remain perpendicular to the road at all times.

Hence, the tires have a longer service life because they have a firm grip on the road.

The main shortcoming of these suspensions is the poor damping effect. In addition, the driver cannot adjust the ride height whether the trailer is loaded or empty. Here is the structure of rigid suspensions:

Single point suspension

The suspension is also referred to as heavy-duty walking beam suspension. Single point suspensions can handle a high load capacity of up to 100 tons.

Hence, these suspensions are a good choice if your business handles very heavy cargo. The suspensions are common in trailers designed to carry heavy loads.

In addition to the high loading capacity, single point suspensions have a good damping effect.

Single point suspensions have reduces vibrations to the components of the trailer. This reduces wear and tear of the parts and increases the driver's comfort on rough terrains or bumpy roads.

The major disadvantage is that they are expensive. A single point suspension is pictured below:

The type of suspensions used in low bed trailers depend on the capacity of the trailers. For instance, mechanical suspensions are commonly use in ordinary low bed trailers.

However, heavy-duty trailers (axle-line model) require suspensions with a higher capacity to withstand the pressure of heavy cargo.

Here is an illustration of an ordinary low bed trailer with 4 axles:

A heavy duty low bed trailer with two lines of 4 axles are picture below requires suspensions with a high load capacity.

• Ramp

The ramp is used to move the cargo on a low bed trailer. The length of the ramp depends on the weight of the cargo. A longer ramp is required to move heavy cargo on the trailer.

Using a longer ramp reduces the slope, which makes it easier to move heavy cargo. You need to consider the maximum weight of your cargo when choosing a ramp.

There are two types of ramps, namely, a mechanical ramp and a hydraulic ramp.

Mechanical ramp: A manual mechanism or a spring is used to lift the ramp to the right height. A mechanical ramp is cheap and easy to maintain.

However, the ramp is cumbersome to operate especially when moving heavy loads.

Hydraulic ramp: With this type of ramp, a hydraulic cylinder is used instead of a spring to lift the ramp. A hydraulic ramp is efficient and easy to use.

You can move heavy cargo fast with a hydraulic ramp. However, the ramp is more expensive than a mechanical ramp. Here is an example of a hydraulic ramp:

• ABS

You need to pay much attention to the ABS when buying and maintaining a trailer for safety reasons. A low bed trailer is mostly used to transport heavy loads.

Heavy-duty trailers have higher chances of causing accidents than other vehicles on the road. The wrong choice of an ABS may lead to fatal accidents.

Wabco is still the most famous brand of ABS in the world. The brand has maintained its popularity because of its high safety level. When the emergency brake is applied, the ABS model keeps the trailer manipulable.

The ABS model also shortens and optimises the braking distance, which enhances safety in times of emergencies.

The ABS sensor monitors the rotation of the wheel when the vehicle is moving at a high speed. However, when the wheel is not turning, the sensor allows the controller to reduce the braking pressure to keep the wheel rolling.

The controller will also keep the wheel's lateral surface suspension and keep the wheel from slipping on the side. Hence, the driver maintains controls of the vehicle and keeps it moving in the right direction.

Why do you need to know the manufacturing process of a low bed trailer? Should you inspect the final product and make a decision from its components?

The knowlegde of the manufacturing process is important because it can help you determine if you are buying a high-quality trailer. Some indiviudual workshops cut corners and skip some important steps in the manufacturing process.

Below is a discussion of all the major steps in the manufacturing process.

• Cutting and Punching

A CNC cutting machine is used to cut out the steel plates including the web plate, reinforcing plate, and accessories. In other words, the machine is used to cut all steel plates required to make a complete low bed trailer.

Punching is important because it reduces the weight and stress of the trailer. In addition, punching increases the strength of the beams.

Below is an illustration of the cutting process using a CNC machine:

• Bending and Correcting

The next step after cutting the steel plate is bending according the drawing. Every manufacturing process starts with a drawing of the final product.

Hence, the manufacturers must use the dimensions and shape on the drawing when bending the steer. A fixture is used to fix the components to ensure that they are vertical and straight.

This stage involves correcting and measuring to ensure that the plate are in the right dimension, straight, and vertical.

• Joint and Welding

Several components of a trailer require welding including the main beam, cross beam, spring brackets, and the floor. Welding is a very important step in the manufacturing process.

It must be done in the right way to ensure that the final structure is strong enough to handle heavy loads. Welding starts with the I beam, which is the main beam and proceeds to the cross beams.

The manufacturer must ensure that the 2 or 3 mains beams are parallel to each other when welding. The two joints on the sides of the steel plate should be fully welded to ensure that the plates and beams are strong enough.

The main beam is usually welded by submerged arc welding machine. Other parts (cross beams, plate, accessories, etc.) are welded by welder.

So, the welding quality require for high welding techniques of welders.

The alternative methods of joining beams is using bolted connections. Some countries prefer this method because it is modularised.

In addition, changing beams is easy with bolted connections compared to welded beams. Bolting requires no welding and hence the manufacturer is not concerned about thermal deformation.

Joining beams using bolts is easier and faster than welding. Here is an example of plates joined using bolts:

• Repair Welding and Reinforcement

After connecting all the beams and plates through welding, the manufacturer must check the strength of the key positions. Sometimes the processs of joining heavy beams causes some joints to loosen.

Hence, repair welding and reinforcement is necessary before the trailer leaves the workshop.

• Cleaning, and Sandblasting

One of the last stages of the manufacturing process is cleaning, and sand blasting the surface. The purpose of this process to ensure that all the surfaces are smooth before painting.

The process is also important to reduce stress concentration on some parts of the trailer, also increasing adhesion of paint.

• Painting

The next process after polishing and sandblasting the surfaces is painting. The painted surfaces will only look good is the surfaces are smooth.

Hence, if you notice any lumps of paint on the surfaces of a trailer, realize that the manufacturer skipped or hurried the smoothening process.

High-quality paint should be used to avoid chipping. Since low bed trailers are designed for heavy cargo, it is possible for low-quality paint to chip off when loading cargo.

• Installing Other Components

The last process in the manufacturing is installing all other components of the trailers. Manufacturers start with the large parts and then finish with the smaller components.

The tires, electric system, suspension system, lighting, ABS, and axles are installed at this stage. The quality of these components is important because it determines the strength and functionality of the trailer.

If low quality parts are used, you will incur high maintenance and repair costs. Remember some parts are welded into the trailer and replacing them is cumbersome. The right manufacturers use quality parts to minimize maintenance costs.

Now that you know the full manufacturing process of a trailer, you can inspect the components and determine if the manufacturer skipped some steps.

You can also use the knowledge to diagnose the technical problems even without the help of a mechanic. For instance, if the welded parts are worn out, you can estimate the cost and time required to repair your trailer.

Choosing the right supplier is important because your choice determines the quality of your low bed trailer. The idea supplier takes time to inspect all the components of the trailer before selling it.

Be careful when choosing suppliers because some buy trailers from manufacturer and then advertise them as their own products.

The supplier's marketing techniques can lead you to buy a poor quality product even without inspecting it. Here is a guide on how to choose the best supplier of a low bed trailer.

• Consider the Price

Price is one of the most important considerations when buying a trailer. Always start the purchase process with a budget. You now know the advantages and disadvantages of different types of components including the maintenance cost.

High-quality and durable parts are more expensive than the ordinary parts. However, some suppliers overcharge buyers even for ordinary.

Before making the final purchase decision, compare the prices of the same trailer with different suppliers. You can now compare prices on the internet because most suppliers have online shops.

Sometimes it is cheaper to import a heavy-duty vehicle directly from the manufacturer. Comparing the prices will help you determine if a supplier is charging the standard market price.

• Insist on High Quality

We have stated the price is an important factor when buying a trailer. However, you must go beyond the price and consider the quality of trailer.

The purpose of learning different parts and the manufacturing process is to help you determine if the manufacturer uses high quality products. Some manufacturer cut corners in the production process and then sell their products at lower prices.

Do not compromise the quality of the trailer while trying to save costs. A cheap and ordinary trailer may be affordable at the moment but you will need to replace it soon.

In addition, you will incur high repair and maintenace costs even if the initial price is low. Hence, ensure that you balance between good quality and standard prices. You need a trailer that will serve your business for several years without regular breakdowns.

• Check the Supplier's Certification

One of the best ways to determine if a supplier is reliable or not is to check their certification. Certification boards and authorities inspect the quality of products before issuing a certificate to a supplier.

Most suppliers claim to be certified in their adverisements. You must go a step further and confirm that the supplier has a certificate of good quality.

The major certification boards include ISO, ADR, DOT, CCC, BV, SGS, etc. Buy low bed trailers from suppliers with certificate from any of these boards. Ensure that the certification is not outdate.

You can get some information online on a supplier's certification.

• Awards and Recognition

Most countries hold annual events where top companies are recognised for their quality products or services. Sometimes only the best company received an award.

In other countries, the organising board ranks the top companies. When looking for suppliers, prioritise those who have been recognised as the best companies at their national and international level.

Check the board that has given the awards to the company. If a company has been awarded as the leading manufacturer or supplier of heavy-duty vehicles, you are likely to get a durable and quality trailer.

• Conduct a Field Study

Suppliers will engage you in very persuasive discussions so that you can buy their products. The reality is that most of them hire sales representative who exaggerate the details about trailers.

They will promise you high performance or a higher loading capacity even when they know their quality is low. Do not believe everything you hear or read. Go out and test the trailer or see a supplier's trailer in action before buying.

You can visit any construction or transportation company that uses low bed trailers. Ask them about their experience in using the trailers.

The information from other clients is more reliable than the supplier's because the client is already using the products. Check online reviews of suppliers as well. Some clients prefer to share their experiences online.

• Compliance with Industrial Standards

Every industry has a set of rules and regulations to ensure that companies offer quality products to customers.

National and global institutions add to the laws and standards that manufacturers must meet before releasing their products to the market.

Compliance with industrial standards means that the supplier is observing quality requirements in that industry. The standards in this case include maximum dimensions for the trailer.

The supplier should comply with the legal weight, height, and width. In the case of low bed trailers, find out if the nation of origin has any quality standards.

The right supplier should be willing to comply with all the laws, regulations, and standards in manufacturing and distributing trailers.

• Supplying Customized Trailers

Sometimes the models of low bed trailers do not meet your requirement. The length and width of the deck of the trailer may not suit the type of cargo that you handle. You need a customized model that suits your business.

Top manufacturer do not just supply one model of low bed trailer. They also customize their trailers to suit their client's need. However, the dimensions of the customized trailers must be within the maximum dimensions allowed by the country's laws.

Hence, as you explore the range of trailers that a supplier is offering, ask about the possibility of buying a customized trailer. The price of the customized model can guide you in choosing between your model and the common models in the market.

In addition, the manufacturer should use the same high quality standards for the customized trailer.

We have given you the most important aspects to consider when choosing a supplier. You need to do your research well and learn everything about a supplier before ordering a product.

Do not order for a trailer before seeing the same type of trailer in use. The best approach is to allocate enough time to look for the best trailer. You need time to inspect the parts and do your field study.

You will not always have an engineer to help with the decision but this guide provides you with all the information you need to make the right decision.

We have established in the previous chapter that you need to buy a high-quality trailer for your business. Buying such a trailer increases efficiency and reduces maintenance costs. However, it is important to ensure that your trailer operates at its optimal level at all times. This is only possible if you know how to conduct control of a low bed trailer. Quality control involves checking the performance of various components. The most important components to check are covered in this chapter.

This chapter focuses on the quality control process and covers:

inspecting whether the surface of the trailer is slick

• fastener inspection
• welding inspection
• Beams inspection
• Axles inspection
• Load test

• Inspecting Whether The Surface Is Slick

The state of the surface of a trailer depends on the polishing and sandblasting processes. Inspecting the surface before buying a trailer and while maintaining is important because of rust.

Ensure that the surface is rough to reduce the rate of rust. The surface is likely to wear out and rust if it is slick. Whether the surface is rough or slick should the effectiveness of the blasting process.

You can tell if the manufacturer followed the right process by inspecting the surface.

• Fastener Inspection

The main reason for fastener inspection is to ensures that all fasteners are tight. A fastener can be loose if it was not fixed properly or if the dimensions are wrong.

Hence, you need to determine if the fastener requires to be tightened or replaced with another fastener with the right measurements. You need tight fasteners for the strength and stability of the trailer especially when it fully loaded.

• Welding Inspection

Welding all the beams and plates is cumbersome. Many mechanics take short cuts in this process. Hence, you must be careful when inspecting the welded parts and joints.

All the welded parts should be smooth and uniform. Sometimes welding leave some rough surfaces because of heat deformation. Check all the joints for rough surfaces.

Another thing to look out for when inspecting welded parts is cracks and penetration to adjacent beams.

If the manufacturer is not careful with the welding process, the welding machine can penetrate through the steel plate or cause cracks. Such deformations will reduce the strength of the beams.

In addition, you need to check the parts or joints that are not welded. Sometimes the manufacturer may skip some joints in the process, which will affect the loading capacity of the trailer.

Welding is the most important part of manufacture process. WPS (Welding Procedure Specification) is a strict standard to keep high quality of the trailers. It defines the process of each step in detail and record the each parts welded by different welders.

• Beams Inspection

Proper welding of the beams is not enough. You need to check the perpendicularity of the beams on all sides. Inspect the upper, middle, and lower plate of all the main beams to ensure that they are perpendicular and straight.

You may ask, why is it important to inspect the perpendicularity of the beams? If the beams are not straight and properly position, the stress will be imbalanced.

The beams can easily fracture or break if they not straight and if the plates are not perpendicular. You may require some measure devices to inspect the beams.

• Axles Inspection

Another important aspect of quality control is inspecting the axles. When inspecting axles, you need to measure the parallelism and perpendicularity of each axle.

All the axles should be parallel and their central lines should be coherent. The purpose of inspecting axles is to ensure that the tires are properly positioned. It is easy to install the tires and keep the trailer stable when the axles are well installed.

• Load Test

Manufacturer give the loading capacity of each trailer but you cannot rely on that information alone. You need to test if the trailer can handle the maximum load as specified by the manufacturer.

Inspect the process of loading the cargo on the trailer to ensure that the ramp is working properly. If the trailer has the loading capacity as specified, it should be easy to load and transport heavy cargo with the trailer.

We have discussed different components in a trailer in chapter 2.2 and how to inspect some of those components in chapter 3. In this chapter, you will see in diagrams how all the components fit together to make up a low bed trailers.

The chapter include illustrations of different types of low bed trailers including the ordinary low bed trailers, low loaders, and RGN trailers. In addition, the section will illustrate some dimensions of the trailers and diagrams of different parts.

• Low Bed Trailer

The ordinary low bed commonly used in many countries because it is cost-effective and has a high load capacity. Below is an illustration of an ordinary low bed trailer with 4 axles lines. The diagram also gives some dimensions of some of the parts.

• RGN Trailer

Here is an illustration of an RGN trailer:

• Components

The drawings are only for reference. If you need more detailed drawing, please contact us.

• Dimensions of Low Bed Trailers

The dimensions of lowboy trailers vary depending on the model that you choose. Manufacturers have the freedom to choose the width and length of their trailers.

However, there are maximum dimensions that the manufacturers cannot exceed. Note that the legal dimensions depending on the country laws. However, most manufacturers work with the dimensions outlined above.

As we will discussed earlier, the right supplier of low bed trailers should comply with government laws. Manufacturers are not allowed to exceed the legal width, height, and weight in their assembly processes.

If you order for a customised low bed trailers, the manufacturer has to comply with the legal dimensions.

Many people think that all products from China are low quality products. Hence, they are unwilling to order for heavy-duty vehicles or their parts from China.

Some transporters do not trust Chinese manufacturers even when they offer high-quality guarantee. Why do people think that China only produces and sells low-quality products?

Should you be worried about quality when ordering for a low bed trailer from China?

The reality is that China does not have strict standards on the quality for products. This is because of the prevailing market conditions. Manufacturers produce goods for specific markets.

Most workshops that manufacturer vehicles including heavy-duty vehicles like low bed trailers target the low-end market. Since many people know they can get cheap products from China, the demand for products in the low-end market is high.

Hence, manufacturers focus on this market to make profits and produce less high-end products.

The fact that quality standards in China are not strict does not mean that all manufacturers produce low quality products. In fact, some produce goods for both high-end and low-end markets.

Buyers choose the quality of products to order from the country depending on their budget. Many people do not know that Chinese manufacturers are doing OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) for leading companies in developed countries.

The manufacturer are supplying such equipment to companies in Korea, Australia, and Japan among other countries.

China's special transportation machinery will reach a wider market in the near future. The transportation machinery in this case include low bed trailers and module trailers.

Manufacturers in China ar shiftin their focus from the low end market to product components and machinery for leading companies in the world. Hence, the world market will soon have many high-quality products from China.

People will no longer talk of China as the source of low quality products but as a leading supplier of top quality heavy-duty vehicles. Some of the factors that will lead to this change are outlined below.

1. The transportation industry in China is developing rapidly. This means that the quality of vehicles in the country will improve include heavy-duty trailers and semi-trailers. More manufacturers will join this transportation industry to respond to the expected increase in demand for heavy-duty vehicles from China.
2. Some of the manufacturers are already assembling heavy-duty vehicles with good technical strength. China is also home to one of the most popular brands of conventional trailers, that is CIMC.
3. The vehicle factories in China have been working over the years to improve the quality of final products. Most of factories are now focusing on technological innovation.
4. China has a huge market for heavy-duty vehicles including international markets. The manufacturers have been making huge profits from the market. The earnings are sufficient to expand the production and turn China into a leading global supplier of high-quality vehicles and parts.
5. The number of OEMs from China for foreign companies has been increasing. Consequently, the manufacturing technology has been evolving rapidly. Factories are using the latest technology in their manufacturing processes to keep up with the world's standards.

China's transportation industry will continue to expand with the technological innovation and development in China.

Hence, if you are planning to buy a low bed trailer or any other heavy-duty vehicle, do not exclude the Chinese suppliers from your list of options.

Soon, China will overtake some countries that have been leading in the manufacture heavy duty trailers. As mentioned above, some manufacturers in China like CIMC are already selling quality trailer with high technical strength.

Follow the guide in chapter 2.4 and choose the right supplier.

You have learned in this guide how to choose the right low bed trailer and the supplier. You can inspect all the parts and determine if the right manufacturing process was followed before buying one.

The guide teaches how to order and inspect a low bed trailer without any help from an engineer or technician. The next big step is to learn how to use and maintain the trailer after purchase. The service life of the trailer and all the components will depend on how you use the trailer.

Most manufacturers will provide a manual on how to take care of the parts. The assumption is that buyer knows how to use the trailer. Hence, they only provide information on how to replace broken parts. In this chapter, you will learn how to use a low bed trailer in the right way. The specific lessons include:

• How to pack a low bed trailer
• How to prevent tires from wearing out easily
• Loading the trailer with the right cargo weight

Driving a trailer may not a hard task if you are properly trained to drive heavy-duty vehicles. If you are considering buying a low bed trailer, it is possible that you are experienced in driving such long vehicles.

If not, you need to take a driving class before trying to drive one. Trailers are different from standard cars in terms maneuverability, control, and balance.

However, one of the most difficult tasks when operating a low bed trailer is backing it up at a specific angle and into a specific spot.

Backign a trailer in an open space or garage is easy. However, you will encounter many situations where you need to back it between cars without hitting them. Here are tips on how to back a low bed trailer safely:

Prepare to back: The first step is to prepare yourself to move the trailer into the specific spot. Roll down your windows so that you can see the positions of all other vehicles in the space.

Adjust the mirrors is necessary to ensure that you have the full view of the spot. Check the position of the trailer using all the mirror and come up with a plan on how you will back. If you do not know, keep reading and learn how to do it right.

Get a spotter: You may not see all the objects behind the trailer using the side and rear mirrors. It helps to have another pair of eyes as the parking spot to check the movement of the trailer.

The only challenge with this plan is that the spotter has to yell for you to get the directions. Remember a low bed trailer is long.

Turning the trailer: Turn the wheels to the right if you want the trailer to go to the left or turn them left if you want it to go right.

Position yourself in a way that you can turn and see the rear and front of the trailer while holding on to the steering wheel. Check the positions of the cars in front of you when turning the wheels.

Remember that the bottom part of the steering wheel directs the trailer. In case you need to turn the trailer around a corner, turn the steering wheel towards that corner.

Back towards the driver's side: The easiest way to back up a trailer is to use the driver's side. It is hard to master the movements on the passenger's side. Pull the trailer the spot and then turn it right in the middle of the road.

Remember that the most common way of backing a trailer is at a right angle. Turn the trailer sharply left until you are positioned at an angle less than 180 degrees to the left side.

Reverse: Keep your hands at the bottom of the steering wheel and then reverse the trailer. Keep checking on the mirror and adjust the steering in a way that the trailer moves in the right direction.

Reverse slowly no matter how much pressure you get from those watching you. It is easier to control the trailer and avoid damages when reversing at a low speed.

Pull forward and back up again if necessary: You will not only always get it right with the first few turns. Backing is hard for new drivers. Step out of the trailer where necessary and check your progress.

You can pull forward and back up repeatedly until you get the trailer into the right spot. Stay focused and listener to one spotter if you have one at the site. Listening to many people will confuse you.

The best way to learn how to back a trailer to start with an open space. Start with a long trailer and then try a small trailer. It is easier to correct your mistakes and adjust a long trailer than a smaller trailer.

Once you learn how back in open space, you can back in a specific spot between other vehicles without causing any damages.

If you do not use a trailer properly, you will incur a high maintenance costs for all parts. Most trailers owners complain about the tires wearing out easily.

The challenge is greater for multi-axle trailers because their tires tend to wear out faster than other trailers. As mentioned in chapter 2.2.6, you need to have an axle lifting function when operating a multi-axle trailer.

In a multi-axle trailer, the rear tires wear out faster than the front tires do. The more the rear tires the more the tires wear out easily. Hence, you need to invest in the lifting funtion immediately after buying the trailer.

If you have been replacing tires every other week, you need to inspect the alignment of the axles in your trailer.

One of leading causes of fast tire wear is misaligned axles. You can use a tape measure, a straightedge or any straight object to check the alignment of the axles.

Placing the straightedge on each tires will help you identify any bulges on the tires. Check the gap between the bulges and the straight object or straightedge you are using. If the gap is large, the trailer will skid on those particular tires on the road.

Skidding increases the heat as the trailer moves. Frictions also increases when a tire skids, which leads to quick wear and tear. Hence, before loading a trailer for a long distance trip, always check the axle alignment.

This should be part of the regular maintenance practice as we will discuss later. However, you need to lift the tires and check axle alignment even before the next service date.

Low bed trailers are built to transport heavy machinery and equipment. The beams are strong enough to withstand pressure from such cargo. However, each model has a limit of the total weight it can transport.

The manufacturer specifies the maximum load capacity of the trailer before you buy. Never exceed this limit because the excess may fracture the beams. You will incur a high cost of replacing the beams once they are fractured.

Remember that as we learned in chapter 2.3, welding is part of the manufacturing process. Once beams are firmly welded into the right place, removing them is cumbersome.

The mechanic may damage the adjacent beams if not careful. To avoid such damages and challenging tasks, limit your cargo weight to the recommended load capacity of the trailer.

The trailer will have a longer and efficient service life if you follow the manufacturer;s direction on weight limits.

Many trailer owners have hired drivers and mechanics to take of the trailer. You can hire experts to take of your trailer if you have limited knowledge in trailer maintenance. However, such an approach when dealing with low bed trailers is risky. You will not always have the experts on site to assess the trailer when it develops mechanical issues. The trailer may stop in the middle of the road while driving it.

If you have no idea how to maintain different components of a trailer, you have no way of assessing its breakdowns. In addition, sometimes mechanics take shortcuts when you take your trailer for regular service. They may ignore some worn out parts or replace them with low quality parts. You need to go beyond calling an engineer or qualified mechanic to inspecting the trailer on your own.

You learned in chapter 2.2 how to inspect different components when buying a trailer. The parts will not remain in that condition because of wear and tear as you use the trailer. However, you can reduce the wear and tear by maintaining each part according to the manufacturer's recommendation. In this chapter, you will learn how to maintain some of the most important parts. The chapter outlines how to maintain

• Tires
• Fasterner
• Landing leg
• Brakes

Now let us look at each part in details.

• Tires

The most important thing to check when maintaining tires is the level of inflation. Inspect the low bed trailer's tires carefully and regularly. Buy a reliable pressure gauge that will give accurate readings of the inflation level.

Check the inflation when the tire is cool. When carrying the maximum load weight allowed for the trailer model, you can inflate the tires to the maximum pressure limit. However, never exceed this limit no matter the weight of the cargo.

Always keep a tight air seal using valve stem caps. The caps also help in preventing moisture and dirt. Sometimes tires bulge on the sides even with proper inflation.

The bulding is associated with under inflation, which is the worst condition on trailer tires. Once you check and inflate the tires, recheck the pressure after 48 hours. Remember to inflate the tires in safe cages to avoid accidents.

When tires are in use, the pressure increases because of the increase in temperature. The pressure may increase to 10psi or 15psi. Such high levels of pressure are signs of under inflation of tires, overloading, and improper size of tires.

The high pressure is also a sign of over-speeding. Sometimes a combination of several of these factors cause the inflation pressure to rise beyond the recommended level.

Always ensure that you have right size of tires at all axle lines and keep the load weight within the recommended limit. Avoid overspeeding especially when the trailer is fully loaded.

Check the axle alignment and ensure it is in place. When axles are not property aligned, they increase the friction on the road. Consequently, the tires wear out unevenly and faster.

You know the causes of abnormal pressure in the tires. Always correct the issues before any trip. Do not rely on past inflation records.

Check the inflation before every trip using a reliable pressure gauge or at least once in a week. When checking the tires, check the rims as well for deformation, cracks, and corrosion.

If you find that the rim is deformed or cracked, do not weld it. Instead, follow the manufacturer's recommendation on repairing the rim. You may cause further damages on the tires and wheels when welding a damaged rim.

• Fasteners

You buy a trailer with tight bolts and nuts. However, the bolts and nuts become loose after carrying heavy loads for several trips. Sometimes the fasteners appear lose because the mechanic picked the wrong size.

Hence, as you adjust the bolts or nuts, ensure that you have the right size for each joint. Check the fasteners regularly, especially after long trips. Loose fastener reduce the strength and stability of a loaded trailer.

Replace any damaged or missing fasteners and maintain the recommended torgue value for each. The manufacturer's manual contain the right torgue value for all models of bolts and nuts.

When inspecting the pivot bolts, ensure that the axles are properly aligned before tightening loose pivot bolts.

• Landing Leg

The landing leg supports the trailer when it is disconnected from the truck. The leg is normally welded into its right position during the assembly process.

Inspect the landing leg especially the welded parts to ensure that there are not cracks or fractures. Repair welding and reinforcement is necessary in case of cracks.

The landing leg cannot support its load capacity if it welding spot if deformed in any way.

• Brake

Inspecting the braking system is very important because it involves your life as well. Driving a loaded trailer with poor brakes is very risky. The most important aspect to inspect in the braking system is the gas pressure.

Inspect the brakes to ensure that no air is escaping in addition, check the anchor pins for wear and misalignent. The brake shoes tend to wear out fast at the anchor pin holes and hence the need to inspect them regularly.

Replace the shoe-return springs during the general maintenace of the braking system. In case your trailer uses drum brakes, inspect the drums for damage or cracks.

Other important components to inspect are the brake liners. Check the liners for saturation with oil or grease and for tear. Tighten any loose bolts in the liners.

If the brake liners are saturated with any lubricant, replace them with new liners. You cannot fix the problem by cleaning the lubricant. Brake inspections should be scheduled as often as possible.

However, you need to check the system immediately if the trailer develops braking problems while on the road.

Low bed trailer are designed to transport the heaviest and bulkiest loads. The most common applications of low bed trailers include transporting heavy vehicles, rail vehicles, construction beams, windmill components and heavy machinery. The main advantages of low bed trailers include high stability, safety, versatility, and ability to transport tall equipment.

The number of beams, axle lines, and dimensions of the trailer vary across brands. Before ordering for a low bed trailer, it is important consider the cargo weight and dimensions, price, maintenance costs, future business needs and the loading process. The major components to inspect when buying a trailer include the ramp, suspension system, material, tires, landing leg, axles, kingpin, brake system, and the ABS.

Low bed trailers use different suspension systems include mechanical, air, single-point, and rigid suspensions. Each suspension system has a different capacity, efficiency, and damping effect. Buyers should learn the manufacturing process to pick the right model of a low bed trailer. The major steps in the process include cutting and punching steel plates, bending and correcting, welding, repair welding and reinforcement. The final processes include cleaning, polishing, sandblasting, painting and installing all the components required.

The best supplier of a low bed trailer should offer a fair price, high quality, and comply with national standards. Other considerations include the supplier's certifications, awards, and ability to supply customized low bed trailers. The main inspections involved in the quality control process include beams, axles, fasteners, surface, and welding inspections. Most people associate China with low-quality products. However, if you follow this guide, you can identify reliable supplier and purchase a high-quality low bed trailer from China.